Yang P Y, Su R, Kim S J
Graduate Program of Biosystems Engineering, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Biosystems Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2003 Dec;69(4):381-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2003.09.015.
In order to improve the process performance regarding the removal of organics, nitrogen, and an odor-causing compound (sulfide) contained in domestic wastewater, an entrapped-mixed-microbial cell (EMMC) with and without humic substances for both fixed and moving carrier reactors and conventional suspended growth culture (i.e. conventional activated sludge process) were investigated simultaneously. Both synthetic (simulated to the organics concentration of general domestic sewage) and actual domestic wastewater were investigated under operational conditions of 12 h of hydraulic retention time (HRT) with 1 h of aeration and 1 h of non-aeration, and 6 h of HRT with continuous aeration, at a room temperature of 25 +/- 2 degrees C. It was found that entrapping humic substances in the EMMC carriers had no impact on the removal of organics, nitrogen, and the odor-producing compound. Additionally, the performance of the EMMC moving carrier system for the removal of these pollutants is similar to that of the EMMC fixed carrier system. In general, the EMMC associated systems which provide high solids retention time achieve a better removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen, and the odor-producing substance than the suspended growth system for both HRTs of 6 h (continuous aeration) and 12 h (1 h of aeration and 1 h of non-aeration). Both the fixed and moving carrier EMMC processes, therefore, have the potential for improvement or replacement of the existing conventional activated sludge process with regard to improving the effluent qualities (such as COD, nitrogen and odor-producing compound) for reuse/disposal.
为了提高生活污水中有机物、氮和一种致臭化合物（硫化物）的去除工艺性能，同时研究了用于固定载体和移动载体反应器的含有和不含腐殖质的包埋混合微生物细胞（EMMC）以及传统的悬浮生长培养（即传统活性污泥法）。在水力停留时间（HRT）为12小时（曝气1小时、非曝气1小时）以及HRT为6小时（连续曝气）、室温为25±2℃的运行条件下，对合成污水（模拟一般生活污水的有机物浓度）和实际生活污水进行了研究。结果发现，在EMMC载体中包埋腐殖质对有机物、氮和致臭化合物的去除没有影响。此外，EMMC移动载体系统去除这些污染物的性能与EMMC固定载体系统相似。总体而言，对于6小时（连续曝气）和12小时（曝气1小时、非曝气1小时）的HRT，提供高固体停留时间的EMMC相关系统比悬浮生长系统能更好地去除化学需氧量（COD）、氮和致臭物质。因此，固定载体和移动载体EMMC工艺在改善出水水质（如COD、氮和致臭化合物）以实现回用/处置方面都有改进或替代现有传统活性污泥法的潜力。
