Duncan Marten, Wong Roy K
Walter Reed Army Medical Center, 6900 Georgia Avenue NW, Building 2, 7F, Washington, DC 20307-5001, USA.
Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2003 Dec;32(4):1035-52. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8553(03)00087-6.
Esophageal emergencies are a common problem facing practicing gastroenterologists and it is important to know what therapies are indicated for different situations. Patients ingesting caustic agents should be monitored intensively for signs of perforation and ultimately for signs of stricture development. Foreign bodies impacted in the esophagus should be removed promptly to prevent perforation. Although esophageal perforations are generally managed surgically, conservative management of localized perforations has become more common especially with improved antibiotics and the use of nonsurgical interventional drainage techniques. In either elected course the gastroenterologist should work closely with the surgical team.
食管急症是执业胃肠病学家面临的常见问题，了解针对不同情况应采取何种治疗方法很重要。摄入腐蚀性物质的患者应密切监测有无穿孔迹象，最终还要监测有无狭窄形成迹象。嵌顿在食管的异物应及时取出以防止穿孔。虽然食管穿孔一般通过手术治疗，但局部穿孔的保守治疗已变得更为常见，尤其是随着抗生素的改进以及非手术介入引流技术的应用。无论选择哪种治疗方案，胃肠病学家都应与外科团队密切合作。
