Blasberg Ronald G
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Nueurology and Radiology, 1275 York Ave, Box 52, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Nucl Med Biol. 2003 Nov;30(8):879-88. doi: 10.1016/s0969-8051(03)00115-x.
Multi-modality, noninvasive in vivo imaging is increasingly being used in molecular-genetic studies and will soon become the standard approach for reporter gene imaging studies in small animals. The coupling of nuclear and optical reporter genes, as described here, represents only the beginning of a far wider application of this technology in the future. Optical imaging and optical reporter systems are cost-effective and time-efficient; they require less resources and space than PET or MRI, and are particularly well suited for imaging small animals, such as mice. Optical reporter systems are also very useful for the quantification and selection of transduced cells using FACS, and for performing in vitro assays to validate the function and sensitivity of constitutive and specific-inducible reporter systems. However, optical imaging techniques are limited by depth of light penetration and do not yet provide optimal quantitative or tomographic information. These issues are not limiting for PET- or MRI-based reporter systems, and PET- and MRI-based animal studies are more easily generalized to human applications. Many of the shortcomings of each modality alone can be overcome by the use of dual- or triple-modality reporter constructs that incorporate the opportunity for PET, fluorescence and bioluminescence imaging.
多模态、无创活体成像在分子遗传学研究中的应用越来越广泛，并且很快将成为小动物报告基因成像研究的标准方法。本文所述的核报告基因与光学报告基因的结合，仅仅是这项技术在未来更广泛应用的开端。光学成像和光学报告系统具有成本效益且省时；与正电子发射断层扫描（PET）或磁共振成像（MRI）相比，它们所需的资源和空间更少，特别适合对小鼠等小动物进行成像。光学报告系统对于使用荧光激活细胞分选术（FACS）对转导细胞进行定量和筛选，以及进行体外试验以验证组成型和特异性诱导型报告系统的功能和灵敏度也非常有用。然而，光学成像技术受光穿透深度的限制，尚未能提供最佳的定量或断层扫描信息。这些问题对于基于PET或MRI的报告系统而言并非限制因素，并且基于PET和MRI的动物研究更容易推广至人类应用。通过使用结合了PET、荧光和生物发光成像机会的双模态或三模态报告构建体，可以克服每种单独模态的许多缺点。
