Sullivan M K, Dejulia J J, Worrell T W
Krannert Graduate School of Physical Therapy, University of Indianapolis, IN 46227.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1992 Dec;24(12):1383-9.
Hamstring muscle strain represents a significant injury to the athlete participating in sporting activities. Lack of hamstring flexibility has been correlated to hamstring muscle injury. There is, however, conflict concerning the most efficient hamstring stretching technique. The purpose of this study was to compare static stretch (SS) and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) hamstring stretching techniques while maintaining the pelvis in two testing positions: anterior pelvic tilt (APT) or posterior pelvic tilt (PPT). Two groups of 10 subjects were randomly assigned to either an APT or PPT position. Each subject then performed eight sessions using PNF on one leg and SS on the other leg while maintaining the pelvis in the assigned position. Hamstring flexibility was assessed with the hip positioned at 90 degrees while actively extending the knee, i.e., active knee extension test (AKET). A two-way ANOVA comparing stretching technique and pelvic position revealed that the APT group significantly increased hamstring flexibility (P = 0.0375). There was not a significant difference between SS or PNF stretching technique in the APT position. There was not a significant increase in hamstring flexibility in the PPT group with either stretching technique (P > 0.05). The results suggest that APT position was more important than stretching method for increasing hamstring muscle flexibility.
腘绳肌拉伤对参与体育活动的运动员来说是一种严重的损伤。腘绳肌灵活性不足与腘绳肌损伤有关。然而，关于最有效的腘绳肌拉伸技术存在争议。本研究的目的是比较静态拉伸（SS）和本体感觉神经肌肉促进法（PNF）这两种腘绳肌拉伸技术，同时将骨盆保持在两个测试位置：骨盆前倾（APT）或骨盆后倾（PPT）。两组各10名受试者被随机分配到APT或PPT位置。然后，每个受试者在保持骨盆处于指定位置的情况下，一条腿进行8次PNF拉伸，另一条腿进行8次SS拉伸。在髋关节处于90度且主动伸展膝关节时，即主动伸膝试验（AKET），评估腘绳肌的灵活性。一项比较拉伸技术和骨盆位置的双向方差分析显示，APT组的腘绳肌灵活性显著提高（P = 0.0375）。在APT位置，SS或PNF拉伸技术之间没有显著差异。在PPT组中，无论采用哪种拉伸技术，腘绳肌的灵活性都没有显著提高（P > 0.05）。结果表明，对于增加腘绳肌的灵活性，APT位置比拉伸方法更重要。
