Griffiths Yvonne M, Hill Nicholas I, Bailey Peter J, Snowling Margaret J
Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, United Kingdom.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2003 Dec;46(6):1352-66. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/105).
The ability of 20 adult dyslexic readers to extract frequency information from successive tone pairs was compared with that of IQ-matched controls using temporal order discrimination and auditory backward recognition masking (ABRM) tasks. In both paradigms, the interstimulus interval (ISI) between tones in a pair was either short (20 ms) or long (200 ms). Temporal order discrimination was better for both groups of listeners at long than at short ISIs, but no group differences in performance were observed at either ISI. Performance on the ABRM task was also better at long than at short ISIs and was influenced by variability in masker frequency and by the spectral proximity of target and masker. The only significant group difference was found in one condition of the ABRM task when the target-masker interval was 200 ms, but this difference was not reliable when the measure was of optimal performance. Moderate correlations were observed between auditory thresholds and phonological skill for the sample as a whole and within the dyslexic and control groups. However, although a small subgroup of dyslexic listeners with poor phonology was characterized by elevated thresholds across the auditory tasks, evidence for an association between auditory and phonological processing skills was weakened by the finding of a subgroup of control listeners with poor auditory processing and normal phonological processing skills.
将20名成年诵读困难读者从连续音对中提取频率信息的能力，与使用时间顺序辨别和听觉反向识别掩蔽（ABRM）任务的智商匹配对照组进行了比较。在这两种范式中，一对音调之间的刺激间隔（ISI）要么短（20毫秒）要么长（200毫秒）。两组听众在长ISI时的时间顺序辨别都比短ISI时更好，但在任何一种ISI下都未观察到表现上的组间差异。ABRM任务的表现同样在长ISI时比短ISI时更好，并且受到掩蔽音频率的变异性以及目标音和掩蔽音的频谱接近度的影响。在ABRM任务的一种条件下，当目标 - 掩蔽音间隔为200毫秒时发现了唯一显著的组间差异，但当测量的是最佳表现时，这种差异并不可靠。在整个样本以及诵读困难组和对照组中，观察到听觉阈值与语音技能之间存在中等程度的相关性。然而，尽管一小部分语音能力差的诵读困难听众在所有听觉任务中的阈值都较高，但由于发现了一小部分听觉处理能力差但语音处理能力正常的对照组听众，听觉与语音处理技能之间关联的证据被削弱了。
