Aurangzeb Brekhna, Hameed Abdul
Department of Paediatrics, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar.
J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2003 Nov;13(11):629-32.
To determine the frequency of bacterial isolates from neonatal blood cultures and their susceptibility patterns in hospital-born babies having sepsis.
An observational study.
Obstetrics Unit and Special Care Baby Unit of Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar from 1st January to 31st December 2001.
This study was carried out on the neonates born and admitted in hospital with positive blood culture reports. Early onset neonatal sepsis (EONNS) and late onset neonatal sepsis (LONNS) were defined as illness appearing from birth to seven days and from eight to twenty-eight days postnatal age respectively. The blood culture reports were analyzed by SPSS package and cross tabulation was done.
One hundred and twelve hospital-born babies presented with sepsis. Sixty-seven neonates had positive cultures. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the commonest organism causing EONNS (35; 77.1%) followed by Pseudomonas (4; 8.9%), Klebsiella (4; 8.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus (2; 4.4%) respectively. In the LONNS E. coli (19; 77.3%) was the commonest followed by Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas (2; 9% each) and Klebsiella (1; 4.5%). The gram-negative organisms showed high degree of resistance to commonly used antibiotics, ampicillin (79.3%), amoxicillin (74.6%) and ceftazidime (71.6%), cefotaxime (55.2%) and comparatively low resistance to gentamicin (43.2%), tobramycin (34.3%), imipinem (23.6%), amikacin (22.3%), ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin (11.9%) respectively. Staphylococcus aureus showed almost the same resistance to ampicillin, 75%, and comparatively low resistance to the rest of the antibiotics as compared to the gram-negative organisms.
Neonatal sepsis is mainly caused by gram-negative organisms, which are developing resistance to commonly used antibiotics.
确定医院出生的患败血症婴儿的新生儿血培养细菌分离株的频率及其药敏模式。
一项观察性研究。
2001年1月1日至12月31日在白沙瓦开伯尔教学医院的产科病房和新生儿特别护理病房。
本研究针对出生并入住医院且血培养报告呈阳性的新生儿进行。早发型新生儿败血症（EONNS）和晚发型新生儿败血症（LONNS）分别定义为出生至7天和出生后8至28天出现的疾病。血培养报告通过SPSS软件包进行分析并进行交叉制表。
112名医院出生的婴儿患有败血症。67名新生儿血培养呈阳性。大肠杆菌（E. coli）是导致EONNS的最常见病原体（35例；77.1%），其次分别是假单胞菌（4例；8.9%）、克雷伯菌（4例；8.9%）和金黄色葡萄球菌（2例；4.4%）。在LONNS中，大肠杆菌（19例；77.3%）最常见，其次是葡萄球菌和假单胞菌（各2例；9%）以及克雷伯菌（1例；4.5%）。革兰氏阴性菌对常用抗生素表现出高度耐药性，氨苄西林（79.3%）、阿莫西林（74.6%）和头孢他啶（71.6%）、头孢噻肟（55.2%），而对庆大霉素（43.2%）、妥布霉素（34.3%）、亚胺培南（23.6%）、阿米卡星（22.3%）、氧氟沙星和环丙沙星（11.9%）的耐药性相对较低。金黄色葡萄球菌对氨苄西林的耐药性几乎相同，为75%，与革兰氏阴性菌相比，对其他抗生素的耐药性相对较低。
新生儿败血症主要由革兰氏阴性菌引起，这些细菌对常用抗生素产生了耐药性。
