Kondo Masahiro, Kojima Chihiro, Watanabe Gen, Shimizu Keiko, Itoh Mariko, Udono Toshifumi, Taya Kazuyoshi
Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
Endocrine. 2003 Dec;22(3):239-43. doi: 10.1385/ENDO:22:3:239.
Secretion of activin A in Japanese monkeys and chimpanzees during pregnancy and early postpartum periods was investigated, and the results were compared with those in humans. Plasma activin A increased throughout pregnancy in Japanese monkeys, and the level was significantly higher in the third and fourth quarters than in the first quarter. After parturition in the Japanese monkey, circulating activin A decreased to levels seen during the normal menstrual cycle. In chimpanzees, plasma activin A remained low until the third quarter of pregnancy and abruptly increased in the fourth quarter. After parturition in chimpanzees, however, circulating activin A concentrations still remained as high as levels in the fourth quarter until 42 h after parturition, then decreased to nadir levels at 1 mo after parturition, suggesting that activin A in chimpanzees may be secreted from other organs such as uterus in addition to placenta. Positive staining with inhibin/ activin alpha-, betaA-, and betaB-subunit antisera was observed in the cytoplasm of the syncytiotrophoblast of term placenta in the Japanese monkey, chimpanzee, and human. These results demonstrated that circulating activin A gradually increased from early pregnancy in Japanese monkey, whereas an abrupt increase occurred at late pregnancy in chimpanzees. These results also demonstrated that the syncytiotrophoblast of placenta is the source of activin A in Japanese monkeys and chimpanzees as well as humans.
研究了日本猕猴和黑猩猩在孕期及产后早期促卵泡素A的分泌情况，并将结果与人类的进行了比较。在日本猕猴中，血浆促卵泡素A在整个孕期都有所增加，且第三和第四季度的水平显著高于第一季度。日本猕猴分娩后，循环中的促卵泡素A降至正常月经周期时的水平。在黑猩猩中，血浆促卵泡素A在孕期第三季度之前一直较低，在第四季度突然升高。然而，黑猩猩分娩后，循环中的促卵泡素A浓度在分娩后42小时内仍高达第四季度的水平，然后在分娩后1个月降至最低点，这表明黑猩猩体内的促卵泡素A除了由胎盘分泌外，可能还由其他器官如子宫分泌。在日本猕猴、黑猩猩和人类足月胎盘的合体滋养层细胞质中观察到抑制素/促卵泡素α、βA和βB亚基抗血清的阳性染色。这些结果表明，日本猕猴循环中的促卵泡素A从妊娠早期开始逐渐增加，而黑猩猩在妊娠晚期出现突然增加。这些结果还表明，胎盘的合体滋养层是日本猕猴、黑猩猩和人类促卵泡素A的来源。
