Postma Marten, Bosgraaf Leonard, Loovers Harriët M, Van Haastert Peter J M
Department of Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
EMBO Rep. 2004 Jan;5(1):35-40. doi: 10.1038/sj.embor.7400051.
Chemotaxis is the result of a refined interplay among various intracellular molecules that process spatial and temporal information. Here we present a modular scheme of the complex interactions between the front and the back of cells that allows them to navigate. First, at the front of the cell, activated Rho-type GTPases induce actin polymerization and pseudopod formation. Second, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3)) is produced in a patch at the leading edge, where it binds pleckstrin-homology-domain-containing proteins, which enhance actin polymerization and translocation of the pseudopod. Third, in Dictyostelium amoebae, a cyclic-GMP-signalling cascade has been identified that regulates myosin filament formation in the posterior of the cell, thereby inhibiting the formation of lateral pseudopodia that could misdirect the cell.
趋化性是各种处理空间和时间信息的细胞内分子之间精细相互作用的结果。在此，我们提出了一种细胞前端和后端之间复杂相互作用的模块化方案，该方案使细胞能够导航。首先，在细胞前端，活化的Rho型GTP酶诱导肌动蛋白聚合和伪足形成。其次，磷脂酰肌醇-3,4,5-三磷酸（PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3)）在前缘的一个区域产生，它在那里结合含普列克底物蛋白同源结构域的蛋白质，这些蛋白质增强肌动蛋白聚合和伪足的移位。第三，在盘基网柄菌属变形虫中，已鉴定出一种环鸟苷酸信号级联反应，该反应调节细胞后部肌球蛋白丝的形成，从而抑制可能使细胞方向错误的侧向伪足的形成。
