Hennessey J C, Dykacz J M
Soc Secur Bull. 1992 Fall;55(3):24-40.
The many changes to the Disability Insurance (DI) program that took place during the early 1980's suggest that there may be significant differences in the characteristics of newly awarded beneficiaries over time. This study compares two cohorts of newly entitled beneficiaries--one from 1972 and the other from 1985--in order to assess changes in individual characteristics and death rates between the pre-1980's and the late 1980's. The 1985 cohort had a greater percentage of beneficiaries with mental impairments and a lower percentage with diseases of the circulatory system. The 1985 cohort was also younger, more educated, had higher primary insurance amount levels, and had greater percentages of women and black beneficiaries. Although the death rates and survival curves for both cohorts were very similar, differences in the curves occurred for some covariate subgroups. When the populations were standardized, the estimated percentages of beneficiaries who survived 5 years after entitlement were 78 percent for the 1972 cohort and 77 percent for the 1985 cohort.
20世纪80年代初发生的残疾保险（DI）计划的诸多变化表明，随着时间的推移，新获批准受益人的特征可能存在显著差异。本研究比较了两组新获资格的受益人——一组来自1972年，另一组来自1985年——以评估20世纪80年代前和80年代末之间个人特征和死亡率的变化。1985年那组受益人中，患有精神障碍的比例更高，患有循环系统疾病的比例更低。1985年那组受益人也更年轻、受教育程度更高、初始保险金额水平更高，女性受益人和黑人受益人的比例也更高。尽管两组的死亡率和生存曲线非常相似，但某些协变量亚组的曲线存在差异。当对人群进行标准化时，1972年那组受益人在获得资格后存活5年的估计比例为78%，1985年那组为77%。
