Vermont Clementien L, van den Dobbelsteen Germie P J M
Erasmus MC/Sophia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Room Sb 2670, PO Box 2060, 3000 CB Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2003 Oct;2(5):673-81. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2.5.673.
Meningococcal disease is mainly caused by serogroup B in many West European countries. Recently, a highly efficacious vaccine against infections caused by serogroup C has been introduced in the UK and The Netherlands. However, an effective vaccine against serogroup B has not yet become available. Outer membrane vesicle vaccines against serogroup B were previously tested in large Phase III trials but showed a low efficacy in young children. In addition, the high variability of the vaccines' main component, porin A, potentially diminishes its efficacy. Therefore, several approaches in either optimizing these outer membrane vesicle vaccines or searching for novel, highly conserved antigens are currently under investigation. The sequencing of the meningococcal genome has provided new opportunities to detect additional immunogenic epitopes. In this review, the developments in the search for a broadly protective meningococcal serogroup B vaccine will be discussed.
在许多西欧国家，脑膜炎球菌病主要由B血清群引起。最近，英国和荷兰引入了一种针对C血清群感染的高效疫苗。然而，针对B血清群的有效疫苗尚未问世。此前，针对B血清群的外膜囊泡疫苗在大型III期试验中进行了测试，但在幼儿中显示出低效力。此外，疫苗主要成分孔蛋白A的高度变异性可能会降低其效力。因此，目前正在研究几种优化这些外膜囊泡疫苗或寻找新型高度保守抗原的方法。脑膜炎球菌基因组测序为检测其他免疫原性表位提供了新机会。在这篇综述中，将讨论寻找具有广泛保护作用的B血清群脑膜炎球菌疫苗的进展。
