Pattinson R C, Hall M
MRC Maternal and Infant Health Care Strategies Research Unit, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
Br Med Bull. 2003;67:231-43. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldg007.
In developed countries where maternal death is rare, the factors surrounding the death are often peculiar to the event and are not generalizable, making analysis of maternal deaths less useful. Near misses are defined as pregnant women with severe life-threatening conditions who nearly die but, with good luck or good care, survive. Incorporation of near misses into maternal death enquiries would strengthen these audits by allowing for more rapid reporting, more robust conclusions, comparisons to be made with maternal deaths, reinforcing lessons learnt, establishing requirements for intensive care and calculating comparative indices. The survival of a pregnant woman is dependent on the disease, her basic health, the health care facilities and personnel of the health care system. The criteria currently used to identify a near miss vary greatly. However, areas with similar health care facilities, medical records and personnel should be able to agree on suitable criteria, making their incorporation into maternal death enquiries feasible.
在孕产妇死亡罕见的发达国家，死亡相关因素往往因具体事件而异，无法一概而论，这使得对孕产妇死亡的分析用处不大。“险些死亡”被定义为患有严重危及生命状况的孕妇，她们虽几近死亡，但因运气好或得到良好救治而存活下来。将险些死亡案例纳入孕产妇死亡调查，将通过实现更快速的报告、得出更可靠的结论、与孕产妇死亡情况进行比较、强化吸取的教训、确定重症监护要求以及计算比较指数等方式，加强这些审查。孕妇能否存活取决于疾病、其基本健康状况、医疗保健系统的医疗设施和人员。目前用于识别险些死亡案例的标准差异很大。然而，拥有相似医疗设施、病历和人员的地区应该能够就合适的标准达成一致，从而使将这些案例纳入孕产妇死亡调查切实可行。
