Workman Parker D, Walton William E
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0314, USA.
J Vector Ecol. 2003 Dec;28(2):213-28.
The diving behavior, aggregation, horizontal distribution under two food regimes, and response to change in ambient light level were studied for fourth instars of four Culex species in the laboratory. Under low food conditions, Cx. erythrothorax larvae dived less frequently, exhibited greater aggregation, and had stronger preferences for the corners of the observation chamber than did larvae of three congeners (Cx. tarsalis, Cx. quinquefasciatus, and Cx. stigmatosoma). Under high food conditions, larvae of all species were more sedentary than under low food conditions; however, the behavior of Cx. erythrothorax larvae changed comparatively little with changes in food abundance. Culex erythrothorax was the most responsive to disturbance (an 11% change in ambient light level), whereas Cx. tarsalis larvae did not respond to small changes in ambient light level. The behavior of Cx. erythrothorax larvae differed significantly from the three congeners studied. Species-specific behavioral differences of larvae may have contributed to the discrepancies of species relative abundance in larval surveys versus emerging adult mosquito collections at constructed wetlands noted in previous studies.
在实验室中，研究了四种库蚊四龄幼虫在两种食物条件下的潜水行为、聚集情况、水平分布以及对环境光照水平变化的反应。在低食物条件下，红胸库蚊幼虫的潜水频率较低，聚集性更强，与三种同属幼虫（致倦库蚊、尖音库蚊、污跗库蚊）相比，对观察室角落有更强的偏好。在高食物条件下，所有种类的幼虫都比低食物条件下更不活跃；然而，红胸库蚊幼虫的行为随食物丰度变化相对较小。红胸库蚊对干扰最敏感（环境光照水平变化11%），而尖音库蚊幼虫对环境光照水平的小变化没有反应。红胸库蚊幼虫的行为与所研究的三种同属幼虫有显著差异。幼虫的种特异性行为差异可能导致了先前研究中人工湿地幼虫调查与羽化成年蚊子收集之间物种相对丰度的差异。
