Fidell Sanford
Fidell Associates, 23139 Erwin Street, Woodland Hills, California 91367, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2003 Dec;114(6 Pt 1):3007-15. doi: 10.1121/1.1628246.
The contemporary technical rationale for assessing effects ("impacts") of transportation noise on communities rests in large part on a purely descriptive dosage-effect relationship of the sort first synthesized by Schultz [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 64, 377-405 (1978)]. Although U.S. federal adoption of an annoyance-based rationale for regulatory policy has made this approach a familiar one, it is only one of several historical perspectives, and not necessarily the most useful for all purposes. Last reviewed by the U.S. Federal Interagency Committee on Noise (FICON) 10 years ago, the accuracy and precision of estimates of the prevalence of a consequential degree of noise-induced annoyance yielded by functions of noise exposure leave much to be desired. This tutorial article traces the development of the dosage-effect relationship on which FICON currently relies, in a wider historical context of efforts to understand and predict community response to transportation noise. It also identifies areas in which advances in genuine understanding might lead to improved means for predicting community response to transportation noise.
评估交通噪声对社区的影响（“冲击”）的当代技术原理在很大程度上基于一种纯粹描述性的剂量-效应关系，这种关系最早由舒尔茨[《美国声学学会杂志》64, 377 - 405 (1978)]综合而成。尽管美国联邦政府采用基于烦恼的原理来制定监管政策，使这种方法广为人知，但它只是几种历史观点之一，并不一定适用于所有目的。美国联邦机构间噪声委员会（FICON）10年前最后一次审查时，由噪声暴露函数得出的噪声引起的烦恼程度达到一定程度的发生率估计的准确性和精确性仍有很大改进空间。本教程文章在更广泛的历史背景下追溯了FICON目前所依赖的剂量-效应关系的发展，该背景涉及理解和预测社区对交通噪声反应的努力。它还确定了在哪些领域真正的理解进展可能会带来改进的方法，以预测社区对交通噪声的反应。
