Keddie A M
Adolescence. 1992 Winter;27(108):873-90.
The self-esteem and perceived maternal care and control of 134 Jamaican schoolgirls and 108 pregnant adolescents and teenage mothers were compared. The girls were 14 through 17 years of age, from working-class backgrounds, and living in rural and urban areas. Adapted versions of the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory and the Parental Bonding Instrument were administered. Results indicated that the two groups did not differ in perceived maternal care and control. However, the self-esteem of urban schoolgirls was significantly higher than that of their once-pregnant counterparts. This was also true of the total sample. Urban teenagers without father figures were nearly 2.7 times more likely to have been pregnant than were those living with adult male relatives. Thus, father-figure absence and low self-esteem may combine as risk factors for teenage pregnancy in urban Jamaica.
对134名牙买加女学生以及108名怀孕少女和青少年母亲的自尊水平、感知到的母亲关怀与管控进行了比较。这些女孩年龄在14至17岁之间，来自工人阶级家庭，居住在农村和城市地区。使用了库珀史密斯自尊量表和父母教养方式问卷的改编版本。结果表明，两组在感知到的母亲关怀与管控方面没有差异。然而，城市女学生的自尊水平显著高于曾经怀孕的同龄人。整个样本也是如此。没有父亲角色的城市青少年怀孕的可能性几乎是与成年男性亲属生活在一起的青少年的2.7倍。因此，在牙买加城市地区，缺乏父亲角色和低自尊可能共同成为青少年怀孕的风险因素。
