Origgi F C, Romero C H, Bloom D C, Klein P A, Gaskin J M, Tucker S J, Jacobson E R
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
Vet Pathol. 2004 Jan;41(1):50-61. doi: 10.1354/vp.41-1-50.
An experimental transmission study aimed at fulfilling Koch's postulates for a herpesvirus-associated stomatitis-rhinitis in Mediterranean tortoises is presented. Clinical, pathologic, serologic, and molecular studies were performed linking tortoise herpesvirus with the pathogenesis of stomatitis-rhinitis. Four adult Greek tortoises received either intranasally or intramuscularly two tortoise herpesvirus isolates by primary experimental infection and secondary challenge 11 months later. After the primary experimental infection and the secondary challenge, clinical signs of illness developed, which included conjunctivitis, diphtheritic oral plaques, and oral discharge. At 4 weeks after the secondary challenge, all tortoises were humanely euthanatized and evaluated. Although neutralizing antibodies developed after the primary experimental infection, they apparently did not prevent the later development of recurrent clinical signs. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription-PCR analyses allowed sensitive characterization of the systemic distribution of the herpesvirus DNA sequences and their presence in the cranial nerves and brains of the infected tortoises. Despite the failure to recover the herpesviruses used in the transmission study, the findings support the premise that tortoise herpes-virus is a primary pathogen of Greek tortoises.
本文介绍了一项实验性传播研究，旨在验证科赫法则适用于地中海陆龟的一种与疱疹病毒相关的口炎 - 鼻炎。进行了临床、病理、血清学和分子研究，将陆龟疱疹病毒与口炎 - 鼻炎的发病机制联系起来。四只成年希腊陆龟通过初次实验性感染，经鼻内或肌肉内接种两种陆龟疱疹病毒分离株，并在11个月后进行二次攻毒。初次实验性感染和二次攻毒后，出现了疾病的临床症状，包括结膜炎、假膜性口腔斑块和口腔分泌物。二次攻毒后4周，所有陆龟均被人道安乐死并进行评估。尽管初次实验性感染后产生了中和抗体，但它们显然未能阻止后期复发性临床症状的出现。聚合酶链反应（PCR）和逆转录 - PCR分析能够灵敏地鉴定疱疹病毒DNA序列在全身的分布情况，以及它们在受感染陆龟的颅神经和大脑中的存在情况。尽管在传播研究中未能重新分离出所用的疱疹病毒，但这些发现支持了陆龟疱疹病毒是希腊陆龟主要病原体这一前提。
