Jhawar Sanjay
Pediatrics Pulmonary Division, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2003 Dec;25(3):249-57. doi: 10.1385/CRIAI:25:3:249.
Bronchiolitis is a common, acute, contagious lower respiratory tract illness of infants and young children. The majority of cases are secondary to respiratory syncytial virus. There are a number of risk factors for severe disease, including children less than six weeks of age and patients with atopy and/or asthma. The management requires vigilant monitoring and high-quality supportive care, including impressive use of fluids and nutritional support. Further research on anti-virals is essential to prevent respiratory syncytial virus induced bronchiolitis. Fortunately, the prognosis for the majority of normal infants who develop bronchiolitis is good.
细支气管炎是婴幼儿常见的急性传染性下呼吸道疾病。大多数病例继发于呼吸道合胞病毒。有许多导致重症的危险因素，包括6周龄以下的儿童以及患有特应性疾病和/或哮喘的患者。治疗需要密切监测和高质量的支持性护理，包括充分补充液体和营养支持。进一步开展抗病毒药物研究对于预防呼吸道合胞病毒引起的细支气管炎至关重要。幸运的是，大多数患细支气管炎的正常婴儿预后良好。
