Sivertsen Einar Andreas, Torfoss Dag
Immunologisk avdeling, Institutt for kreftforskning, Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2004 Jan 8;124(1):28-30.
Cryptococcus neoformans causes systemic disease in patients with immunodeficiency. The incidence of cryptococcal meningitis has increased in parallel with that of HIV infection. Cancer is also a known predisposing factor.
We present two case reports and a review of the literature concerning the epidemiology, diagnostics and treatment of cryptococcal meningitis.
The incidence of cryptococcal meningitis in Scandinavia seems to be lower than in other parts of the world. Clinical signs and symptoms are often uncharacteristic. Detection of antigen in spinal fluid is a sensitive and fast test.
Cryptococcal meningitis is a rare disease, often with uncharacteristic symptoms. Patients with haematological malignancies have a higher risk of contracting this disease. It is a differential diagnosis when neurological symptoms occur in these patients.
新型隐球菌可导致免疫缺陷患者发生全身性疾病。隐球菌性脑膜炎的发病率与HIV感染率同步上升。癌症也是已知的诱发因素。
我们呈现两例病例报告，并对有关隐球菌性脑膜炎的流行病学、诊断和治疗的文献进行综述。
斯堪的纳维亚半岛隐球菌性脑膜炎的发病率似乎低于世界其他地区。临床体征和症状通常不典型。脑脊液中抗原检测是一种敏感且快速的检测方法。
隐球菌性脑膜炎是一种罕见疾病，症状常不典型。血液系统恶性肿瘤患者感染此病的风险更高。当这些患者出现神经症状时，它是一种鉴别诊断疾病。
