Chandiwana Stephen, Ornbjerg Niels
Postgraduate Studies School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193 Johannesburg, South Africa.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2003 Sep;21(3):288-97.
The paper extracted pertinent aspects of 21 years (1981-2001) of scientific cooperation among Zimbabwe's Blair Research Laboratory (BRL), the Biomedical Research and Training Institute (BRTI), and the Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory (DBL). DBL supported the building of research capacity at BRL through PhD-level training and short courses on research training organized by BRTI. The BRL-BRTI-DBL cooperation involved institutional support, scientific training, joint research programmes, and technology transfer, and forms a basis for the discussion of North-South and South-South collaboration in this paper. As the collaboration matured, DBL researchers began cooperating with their counterparts at BRL in internationally funded research programmes and partnerships based on mutual interests and responsibilities. Several research projects were formulated under co-principal investigators from the two institutions and later extended to other European and US institutions. An impressive outturn (18 PhDs) of postgraduate students undertaking field-based PhD work was accomplished from 1990 to 2001. As the socioeconomic situation in Zimbabwe deteriorated from 1999, significant attrition of senior scientists began to affect some of BRL's core functions in support of the Ministry of Health's programmes. In solidarity with BRL, DBL and BRTI jointly implemented a management-strengthening project to reduce deterioration of research productivity by retaining mid-level research managers. BRTI, able to respond rapidly to research needs in the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC), is not in competition with national research institutions and universities. An advisory committee of SADC stakeholders sets its priorities. The framework for South-South cooperation is research training to facilitate national scientists to attract resources from local and international funding agencies. It has established a National Institutes of Health-accredited ethical review board that provides ethical assurance for BRTI and non-BRTI-administered projects. Over the last eight years, BRTI has established regional and international legitimacy, and many funding agencies accept the role of the organization in 'Third Country Training for South-South Cooperation'. The article concludes by identifying essential conditions for sustaining research capability at BRL and similar institutions in developing countries. In rolling out a new ethos for research, great expectation is placed on the success of the New Partnership for Africa Development.
该论文提炼了津巴布韦布莱尔研究实验室（BRL）、生物医学研究与培训研究所（BRTI）以及丹麦血吸虫病实验室（DBL）在21年（1981 - 2001年）间科学合作的相关方面。DBL通过博士水平培训以及由BRTI组织的研究培训短期课程，支持BRL的研究能力建设。BRL - BRTI - DBL合作涵盖机构支持、科学培训、联合研究项目以及技术转让，构成了本文讨论南北合作与南南合作的基础。随着合作的成熟，DBL研究人员开始在基于共同兴趣和责任的国际资助研究项目及合作关系中，与BRL的同行展开合作。在来自这两个机构的共同首席研究员的主持下，制定了若干研究项目，这些项目后来扩展到了其他欧洲和美国机构。1990年至2001年期间，完成实地博士研究工作的研究生取得了令人瞩目的成果（18名博士）。自1999年起，随着津巴布韦社会经济状况的恶化，资深科学家的大量流失开始影响BRL支持卫生部项目的一些核心职能。为了与BRL团结一致，DBL和BRTI联合实施了一个加强管理的项目，通过留住中层研究管理人员来减少研究生产力的下降。BRTI能够迅速响应南部非洲发展共同体（SADC）的研究需求，且不与国家研究机构和大学竞争。由SADC利益相关者组成的咨询委员会确定其优先事项。南南合作的框架是研究培训，以帮助国家科学家从本地和国际资助机构吸引资源。它设立了一个获得美国国立卫生研究院认可的伦理审查委员会，为BRTI及非BRTI管理的项目提供伦理保障。在过去八年里，BRTI已在区域和国际上确立了合法性，许多资助机构认可该组织在“南南合作第三国培训”中的作用。文章最后确定了在BRL以及发展中国家类似机构维持研究能力的必要条件。在推出新的研究风气时，人们对非洲发展新伙伴关系的成功寄予厚望。
