Owren Michael J, Rendall Drew
Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
J Comp Psychol. 2003 Dec;117(4):380-90. doi: 10.1037/0735-7036.117.4.380.
Recent evidence from acoustic analysis and playback experiments indicates that adult female rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) coos are individually distinctive but their screams are not. In this study, the authors compared discrimination of individual identity in these sounds by naive human listeners who judged whether 2 sounds had been produced by the same monkey or 2 monkeys. Each of 3 experiments using this same-different design showed significantly better discrimination of vocalizer identity from coos than from screams. Experiment 1 demonstrated the basic finding. Experiment 2 also tested the effect of non-identity-related scream variation, and Experiment 3 added a comparison with human vowel sounds. Outcomes suggest that acoustic structural differences in coos and screams influence salience of caller-identity cues, with significant implications for understanding the functions of these calls.
最近来自声学分析和回放实验的证据表明，成年雌性恒河猴（猕猴）的咕咕声具有个体独特性，但其尖叫声并非如此。在这项研究中，作者比较了未受过训练的人类听众对这些声音中个体身份的辨别能力，这些听众要判断两个声音是由同一只猴子还是两只猴子发出的。使用这种相同-不同设计的三个实验中的每一个都表明，与尖叫声相比，从咕咕声中对发声者身份的辨别明显更好。实验1证明了这一基本发现。实验2还测试了与身份无关的尖叫变化的影响，实验3增加了与人类元音的比较。结果表明，咕咕声和尖叫声在声学结构上的差异会影响呼叫者身份线索的显著性，这对理解这些叫声的功能具有重要意义。
