Kapur D, Sharma S, Agarwal K N
Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India.
Indian Pediatr. 2003 Dec;40(12):1131-44.
A community-based, randomized trial was designed to compare the effect of nutrition education and/or iron supplementation (weekly) on iron status of children in an urban slum in Delhi.
Four hundred and fifty one children, 9-36 months of age and their caretakers (mothers), assigned to one of the following groups were included in the cohort. Group 1, nutrition education. Group 2, supplementation (with 20 mg elemental iron). Group 3, nutrition education with supplementation (with 20 mg elemental iron) and Group 4, control given placebo. The intervention program was of four months duration, with a treatment phase of 8 wk followed by 8 wk of no treatment.
Post intervention, at 8 wk and at 16 wk, the hemoglobin change in the nutrition education, supplementation, nutrition education with supplementation and control groups was 2.9, 1.9, 3.8 and -5.9%, respectively and 2.1, -1.9, 0 and -9.3%, respectively (as compared to initial values). There was no significant effect of any of the intervention at 8 weeks. At 16 wk, there was significant positive effect of nutrition education group (p less than 0.05). The percent change in serum ferritin value at 16 wk in the nutrition education, supplementation, nutrition education with supplementation and control groups was 5.7, -2.3, -3.4 and -40%, respectively. Serum ferritin values were significantly higher for the nutrition education group (p < 0.001) as compared to the control. At 16 wk, the nutrition education group mothers showed significantly higher nutrition knowledge and the dietary iron intake of children was significantly higher than their control group counterparts (p < 0.0001).
The study suggests that nutrition education did have a positive effect on the iron status possibly by improving the dietary iron intake.
设计一项基于社区的随机试验，比较营养教育和/或铁补充剂（每周一次）对德里一个城市贫民窟儿童铁状况的影响。
451名9至36个月大的儿童及其照顾者（母亲）被纳入队列研究，并被分配到以下组之一。第1组，营养教育组。第2组，补充铁剂组（补充20毫克元素铁）。第3组，营养教育加补充铁剂组（补充20毫克元素铁），第4组，给予安慰剂的对照组。干预计划为期四个月，包括8周的治疗阶段，随后是8周的无治疗阶段。
干预后，在第8周和第16周时，营养教育组、补充铁剂组、营养教育加补充铁剂组和对照组的血红蛋白变化分别为2.9%、1.9%、3.8%和-5.9%，以及2.1%、-1.9%、0和-9.3%（与初始值相比）。在第8周时，任何干预措施均无显著效果。在第16周时，营养教育组有显著的积极效果（p<0.05）。在第16周时，营养教育组、补充铁剂组、营养教育加补充铁剂组和对照组的血清铁蛋白值变化百分比分别为5.7%、-2.3%、-3.4%和-40%。与对照组相比，营养教育组的血清铁蛋白值显著更高（p<0.001）。在第16周时，营养教育组的母亲表现出显著更高的营养知识，且儿童的膳食铁摄入量显著高于对照组儿童（p<0.0001）。
该研究表明，营养教育可能通过改善膳食铁摄入量对铁状况产生了积极影响。
