Dabeva Mariana D, Shafritz David A
Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
Semin Liver Dis. 2003 Nov;23(4):349-62. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-815562.
Research on hepatic stem cells has entered a new era of controversy, excitement, and great expectations. Although adult liver stem cells have not yet been isolated, an enormous repopulating capacity of transplanted mature hepatocytes under conditions of continuous liver injury has been discovered. Stem/progenitor cells from fetal liver have been successfully isolated and transplanted, repopulating up to 10% of normal liver. However, progenitor cell lines from adult and embryonic liver have not shown significant repopulating activity. Intensive research on embryonic stem cells has revealed the first promising attempts to use these cells as a source of hepatic progenitors. Conditions for their differentiation in vitro, isolation of purified hepatic progenitor cells, and liver repopulation are currently being evaluated. Multilineage adult progenitor cells of mesenchymal origin from bone marrow, muscle, and brain may turn out to be the long-sought primitive potential stem cells remaining in adult tissues.
肝干细胞研究已进入一个充满争议、令人兴奋且寄予厚望的新时代。尽管成体肝干细胞尚未被分离出来，但已发现移植的成熟肝细胞在持续性肝损伤条件下具有巨大的肝再生能力。来自胎儿肝脏的干/祖细胞已成功分离并移植，可使高达10%的正常肝脏实现细胞再生。然而，来自成体和胚胎肝脏的祖细胞系尚未表现出显著的肝再生活性。对胚胎干细胞的深入研究已揭示出将这些细胞用作肝祖细胞来源的首批有前景的尝试。目前正在评估它们在体外分化的条件、纯化肝祖细胞的分离以及肝再生情况。来自骨髓、肌肉和大脑的间充质来源的多谱系成体祖细胞可能会成为长期以来一直在寻找的存在于成体组织中的原始潜能干细胞。
