9月龄和15月龄时麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹疫苗的比较评估。

Comparative evaluation of measles, mumps & rubella vaccine at 9 & 15 months of age.

作者信息

Yadav Sangita, Thukral Richa, Chakarvarti Anita

机构信息

Department of Paediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.

出版信息

Indian J Med Res. 2003 Nov;118:183-6.

PMID:14723482

Abstract

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) contribute to significant amount of mortality and morbidity in our country. Though MMR vaccine has been a part of immunization schedule in the developed countries, it is yet to be included in our national immunization schedule. Hence this study was conducted to assess the serological status of measles, mumps and rubella in young children and to evaluate the seroconversion of measles, mumps and rubella vaccine at 9 and 15 months of age.

METHODS

The cohort study was carried out at the out patient department of a tertiary care hospital in north India. A total of 240 normal children, 120 each in the age group 9-10 and 15-18 months attending the hospital for immunization were enrolled for the study. None of them had been vaccinated with MMR vaccine in the past, or gave any history of measles, mumps or rubella infection, or were on any immunosuppressive agent. The pre-vaccination blood sample was taken and each child was administered a single dose of trivalent MMR vaccine. The post-vaccination sample was taken 6-8 wk later. The paired serum samples were analysed for the presence of measles, mumps and rubella antibodies using commercially available ELISA kits.

RESULTS

Of the 120 infants in the age group of 9-10 months, 102 (85%) were seronegative for measles and 96 (80%) were seronegative for both mumps and rubella. Following MMR vaccination, 102 infants came for post vaccination sampling of which 92 per cent were seropositive for measles, 100 per cent for mumps and 98 per cent for rubella. In the age group of 15-18 months, of the 120 children, 67 (56%) were seronegative for measles, 84 (70%) for mumps and 86 (71.6%) for rubella. In 50 per cent of the children, there was a history of measles immunization at 9 months of age. After MMR vaccination, 100 children came for post vaccination sampling and seropositivity of 92, 96 and 94 per cent was observed for measles, mumps and rubella, respectively. The rise in the pre- and post-immunization geometrical mean titre was significant (P < 0.05) for each component of the vaccine in both the age groups.

INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The MMR vaccine can be offered safely and with equal efficacy to children at 9 and 15 months of age.

摘要

背景与目的

麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹（MMR）在我国导致大量死亡和发病。尽管MMR疫苗在发达国家已纳入免疫规划，但在我国尚未纳入国家免疫规划。因此开展本研究以评估幼儿麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹的血清学状态，并评估9个月和15个月龄时MMR疫苗的血清转化情况。

方法

队列研究在印度北部一家三级护理医院的门诊部进行。共有240名正常儿童纳入研究，年龄在9 - 10个月和15 - 18个月的各120名，他们前往医院进行免疫接种。他们过去均未接种过MMR疫苗，也无麻疹、腮腺炎或风疹感染史，且未使用任何免疫抑制剂。采集接种前血样，给每个儿童接种一剂三价MMR疫苗。接种后6 - 8周采集血样。使用市售ELISA试剂盒分析配对血清样本中麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹抗体的存在情况。

结果

在9 - 10个月龄的120名婴儿中，102名（85%）麻疹血清学阴性，96名（80%）腮腺炎和风疹血清学均阴性。接种MMR疫苗后，102名婴儿前来进行接种后采样，其中92%麻疹血清学阳性，100%腮腺炎血清学阳性，98%风疹血清学阳性。在15 - 18个月龄组的120名儿童中，67名（56%）麻疹血清学阴性，84名（70%）腮腺炎血清学阴性，86名（71.6%）风疹血清学阴性。50%的儿童有9个月龄时麻疹免疫接种史。接种MMR疫苗后，100名儿童前来进行接种后采样，麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹的血清学阳性率分别为92%、96%和94%。两个年龄组中疫苗各成分免疫接种前后几何平均滴度的升高均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。