Bogart Laura M, Bird Sheryl Thorburn, Walt Lisa C, Delahanty Douglas L, Figler Jacqueline L
Department of Psychology, Kent State University, 118 Kent Hall, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2004 Mar;58(6):1049-58. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(03)00277-6.
The present research consists of three studies examining the role of patients' stereotypes about health care providers in the health care decision process. Study 1 examined the association of stereotypes to health care satisfaction and help-seeking behavior among a low-income clinic sample; Study 2 examined the relationship of stereotypes to satisfaction and adherence to treatment among low-income individuals living with HIV; and Study 3 examined the association of stereotypes to satisfaction and help-seeking among a sample of homeless individuals. Overall findings indicate that individuals who held more negative stereotypes about physicians sought care less often when sick, were less satisfied with the care that they did obtain, and were less likely to adhere to physician recommendations for treatment. Moreover, African Americans, but not Whites, with more positive stereotypes reported better adherence in Study 2 and were more satisfied with their health care in Study 3. Our findings point to the need to better understand the role of patients' beliefs about health care in predicting health care satisfaction and health behaviors.
本研究包括三项研究，考察患者对医疗服务提供者的刻板印象在医疗决策过程中的作用。研究1在一个低收入诊所样本中考察了刻板印象与医疗满意度及求助行为之间的关联；研究2考察了刻板印象与低收入HIV感染者的满意度及治疗依从性之间的关系；研究3在一个无家可归者样本中考察了刻板印象与满意度及求助行为之间的关联。总体研究结果表明，对医生持有更多负面刻板印象的个体在生病时寻求医疗护理的频率更低，对他们所获得的护理满意度更低，并且更不太可能遵循医生的治疗建议。此外，在研究2中，具有更积极刻板印象的非裔美国人（而非白人）报告了更好的治疗依从性，在研究3中对其医疗护理更满意。我们的研究结果表明，有必要更好地理解患者对医疗护理的信念在预测医疗满意度和健康行为方面的作用。
