Hoffman Barbara, Bradshaw Karen D
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9032, USA.
Semin Reprod Med. 2003 Nov;21(4):353-62. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-815591.
The ability to diagnose and manage disorders that cause delayed puberty requires a thorough understanding of the physical and hormonal events of puberty. Wide variation exists within normal pubertal maturation, but most adolescent girls in the United States have begun to mature by the age of 13. Delayed puberty, a rare condition in girls, occurs in only approximately 2.5% of the population. Constitutional delay, genetic defects, or hypothalamic-pituitary disorders are common causes. Amenorrhea, often found as a symptom of delayed puberty, may be due to congenital genital tract anomalies, ovarian failure, or chronic anovulation with estrogen presence or with estrogen absence.
诊断和处理导致青春期延迟的病症，需要全面了解青春期的身体和激素变化过程。正常青春期发育存在很大差异，但美国大多数少女在13岁时已开始发育。青春期延迟在女孩中较为罕见，仅约2.5%的人群会出现。体质性延迟、遗传缺陷或下丘脑 - 垂体疾病是常见原因。闭经常作为青春期延迟的症状出现，可能由先天性生殖道异常、卵巢功能衰竭或雌激素存在或缺乏情况下的慢性无排卵所致。
