Sulak Patricia J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Scott & White Clinic/Memorial Hospital, Temple, Texas 76508, USA.
Semin Reprod Med. 2003 Nov;21(4):399-413. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-815595.
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) constitute a major health burden in the United States, causing pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, chronic pelvic pain, genital lesions, genital neoplasms, adverse pregnancy outcomes, immune system dysfunction, liver disease, and even death. STDs disproportionately affect adolescents and young adults. Of the estimated 15 million STDs that occur annually each year in the United States, 4 million are among adolescents and 6 million among young adults. The current epidemic is complicated by the high asymptomatic carrier state associated with most STDs and the inadequate protection of condoms in preventing transmission. Sexually active individuals, particularly adolescents, must be educated on the ramifications of early onset of sexual activity and the health consequences of multiple sexual partners.
性传播疾病(STDs)在美国构成了重大的健康负担,可导致盆腔炎、宫外孕、不孕、慢性盆腔疼痛、生殖器病变、生殖器肿瘤、不良妊娠结局、免疫系统功能障碍、肝病,甚至死亡。性传播疾病对青少年和年轻人的影响尤为严重。在美国,每年估计有1500万例性传播疾病发生,其中400万例发生在青少年中,600万例发生在年轻人中。当前的疫情因大多数性传播疾病相关的高无症状携带状态以及避孕套在预防传播方面的保护不足而变得复杂。必须对性活跃人群,尤其是青少年,进行关于过早开始性活动的后果以及多个性伴侣对健康影响的教育。