Signal transduction-related bioinformatics services.

Signal transduction pathways are crucial for the regulation of a very wide variety of cellular functions ranging, for example, from translation to intercellular communication, and from metabolism to apoptosis. Protein kinases and phosphatases, together with their binding partners, are key players in these cascades. They also form a substantial part of the genes in genomes and proteins in proteomes in all animals. Signalling can be studied in many different levels and ways. This has resulted in large body of publications and Internet services. This paper describes open-access databases and software aiming at presenting the kind of data available and how to perform bioinformatics analyses.