Majstorovic M, Veerkamp J S, Skrinjaric I
Department of Cariology, Endodontology, Pedodontology, ACTA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2003 Dec;4(4):197-202.
The aim of the study was to evaluate reliability and validity of different questionnaires and predict related causes, as concomitant factors in assessing different aspects of children's dental anxiety.
Children were interviewed on dental anxiety, dispositional risk factors and satisfaction with the dentist after dental treatment had been accomplished. Parents were interviewed on dental anxiety as well.
The study population included 165 children (91 boys) aged 5 to 15 years, referred to a university dental clinic by general dental practitioners because of a history of fear and uncooperative behaviour during previous dental visits. Children were treated by two dentists, both experienced in treating fearful children.
Statistical analysis was performed in Statistics for Windows, Release 5.5 and Release 7.5. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated for validity and Cronbach alpha for reliability of the measures. Spearman Brown prophecy formula was used for correction of the alpha scores. Results The children's total average CFSS-DS score was 27.02, with no significant difference with respect to gender. The highest Cronbach alpha scores regarding reliability were obtained for the S-DAI, the CFSS-DS and the PDAS. Pearson's correlations regarding validity presented significant correlations between the CMFQ, the CDAS and the S-DAI, between the OAS, the CDAS and the S-DAI, as well as between the OAS and the DVSS-SV.
Previous negative medical experience had significant influence on children's dental anxiety, supporting Rachman's conditioning theory. Anxious children were more likely to show behaviour problems (aggression) and more introvert in expressing their judgement regarding the dentist. Both the S-DAI and the CFSS-DS, which were standardized in the Croatian population sample, showed the highest reliability in assessment of children's dental anxiety.
本研究旨在评估不同问卷的信度和效度，并预测相关因素，这些因素是评估儿童牙科焦虑不同方面的伴随因素。
在完成牙科治疗后，对儿童进行关于牙科焦虑、性格危险因素和对牙医满意度的访谈。同时也对家长进行关于牙科焦虑的访谈。
研究对象包括165名5至15岁的儿童（91名男孩），他们因之前看牙时有恐惧和不合作行为的病史，由普通牙科医生转介至大学牙科诊所。儿童由两位治疗恐惧儿童经验丰富的牙医进行治疗。
使用Windows版统计软件Release 5.5和Release 7.5进行统计分析。计算Pearson相关系数以评估效度，计算Cronbach α系数以评估测量的信度。使用Spearman Brown预测公式对α分数进行校正。结果：儿童CFSS-DS总分平均为27.02，性别之间无显著差异。S-DAI、CFSS-DS和PDAS在信度方面获得了最高的Cronbach α分数。Pearson相关性分析显示，CMFQ、CDAS和S-DAI之间，OAS、CDAS和S-DAI之间，以及OAS和DVSS-SV之间存在显著相关性。
既往负面的就医经历对儿童牙科焦虑有显著影响，支持Rachman的条件作用理论。焦虑的儿童更有可能表现出行为问题（攻击性），并且在表达对牙医的评价时更内向。在克罗地亚人群样本中标准化的S-DAI和CFSS-DS在评估儿童牙科焦虑方面显示出最高的信度。
