Stewart Sherry H, Mitchell Terry L, Wright Kristi D, Loba Pamela
Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford St, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4J1.
J Anxiety Disord. 2004;18(1):51-68. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2003.07.006.
We investigated the effects of the 1998 Swissair Flight 111 (SA 111) disaster on a variety of indices of alcohol use among volunteer responders. We retrospectively administered standardized questionnaires and a semi-structured interview to 13 volunteer disaster workers recruited from the community. According to the interview, 54% of the volunteers were exposed to human remains. According to Modified Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptoms Scale responses, 46% met DSM-IV criteria for PTSD. Frequency and severity of PTSD symptoms, but not human remains exposure, per se, were positively correlated with coping-motivated drinking (but not social or mood enhancement drinking) and with alcohol use to forget. The re-experiencing and hyper-arousal PTSD symptom dimensions showed the strongest and most consistent correlations with the alcohol use indices. We discuss ways in which the information gleaned from this sample can be used to improve disaster response planning to minimize the probability of maladaptive coping drinking among volunteers.
我们调查了1998年瑞士航空111号航班（SA 111）灾难对志愿者救援人员各种酒精使用指标的影响。我们对从社区招募的13名志愿者灾难工作者进行了回顾性标准化问卷调查和半结构化访谈。根据访谈，54%的志愿者接触过遇难者遗体。根据改良的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状量表的回答，46%的人符合DSM-IV创伤后应激障碍标准。创伤后应激障碍症状的频率和严重程度，而非接触遇难者遗体本身，与应对性饮酒（而非社交或情绪改善性饮酒）以及为了遗忘而饮酒呈正相关。创伤后应激障碍症状的再体验和过度唤醒维度与酒精使用指标显示出最强且最一致的相关性。我们讨论了如何利用从该样本中收集到的信息来改进灾难应对计划，以尽量减少志愿者中适应不良应对性饮酒的可能性。
