Xu S S, Khan K, Klindworth D L, Faris J D, Nygard G
USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Laboratory, 1307 18th Street North, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
Theor Appl Genet. 2004 May;108(7):1221-8. doi: 10.1007/s00122-003-1555-y. Epub 2004 Jan 15.
The glutenin and gliadin proteins of wild emmer wheat, Triticum turgidum L. var. dicoccoides, have potential for improvement of durum wheat ( T. turgidum L. var. durum) quality. The objective of this study was to determine the chromosomes controlling the high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits and gliadin proteins present in three T. turgidum var. dicoccoides accessions (Israel-A, PI-481521, and PI-478742), which were used as chromosome donors in Langdon durum- T. turgidum var. dicoccoides (LDN-DIC) chromosome substitution lines. The three T. turgidum var. dicoccoides accessions, their respective LDN-DIC substitution lines, and a number of controls with known HMW glutenin subunits were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), urea/SDS-PAGE, and acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE). The results revealed that all three T. turgidum var. dicoccoides accessions possess Glu-A1 alleles that are the same as or similar to those reported previously. However, each T. turgidum var. dicoccoides accession had a unique Glu-B1 allele. PI-478742 had an unusual 1Bx subunit, which had mobility slightly slower than the 1Ax subunit in 12% SDS-PAGE gels. The subunits controlled by chromosome 1B of PI-481521 were slightly faster in mobility than the subunits of the Glu-B1n allele, and the 1By subunit was identified as band 8. The 1B subunits of Israel-A had similar mobility to subunits 14 and 16. The new Glu-B1 alleles were designated as Glu-B1be in Israel-A, Glu-B1bf in PI-481521, and Glu-B1bg in PI-478742. Results from A-PAGE revealed that PI-481521, PI-478742, and Israel-A had eight, 12, and nine unique gliadin bands, respectively, that were assigned to specific chromosomes. The identified glutenin subunits and gliadin proteins in the LDN-DIC substitution lines provide the basis for evaluating their effects on end-use quality, and they are also useful biochemical markers for identifying specific chromosomes or chromosome segments of T. turgidum var. dicoccoides.
野生二粒小麦（Triticum turgidum L. var. dicoccoides）的谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白具有改善硬粒小麦（T. turgidum L. var. durum）品质的潜力。本研究的目的是确定控制三种野生二粒小麦中高分子量（HMW）谷蛋白亚基和醇溶蛋白的染色体，这三种野生二粒小麦（以色列-A、PI-481521和PI-478742）被用作朗顿硬粒小麦-野生二粒小麦（LDN-DIC）染色体代换系的染色体供体。通过十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）、尿素/SDS-PAGE和酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（A-PAGE）对这三种野生二粒小麦材料、它们各自的LDN-DIC代换系以及一些已知HMW谷蛋白亚基的对照材料进行了分析。结果表明，所有三种野生二粒小麦材料都拥有与先前报道相同或相似的Glu-A1等位基因。然而，每种野生二粒小麦材料都有一个独特的Glu-B1等位基因。PI-478742有一个不寻常的1Bx亚基，在12% SDS-PAGE凝胶中其迁移率略慢于1Ax亚基。PI-481521中由1B染色体控制的亚基迁移率略快于Glu-B1n等位基因的亚基，且1By亚基被鉴定为条带8。以色列-A的1B亚基与亚基14和16具有相似的迁移率。新的Glu-B1等位基因在以色列-A中被命名为Glu-B1be，在PI-481521中为Glu-B1bf，在PI-478742中为Glu-B1bg。A-PAGE结果显示，PI-481521、PI-478742和以色列-A分别有8条、12条和9条独特的醇溶蛋白条带，这些条带被定位到特定染色体上。在LDN-DIC代换系中鉴定出的谷蛋白亚基和醇溶蛋白为评估它们对最终用途品质的影响提供了基础，并且它们也是用于鉴定野生二粒小麦特定染色体或染色体片段的有用生化标记。
