单粒小麦醇溶蛋白多态性和遗传

Polymorphism and inheritance of gliadin polypeptides in T. monococcum L.

机构信息

N. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Gubkin St., 3, B-333, Moscow, Russia.

出版信息

Theor Appl Genet. 1992 Sep;84(7-8):971-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00227412.

PMID:24201502

Abstract

More than 80 different gliadin electrophoretic patterns (spectra) have been found in 109 accessions of the diploid wheat Triticum monococcum. Each pattern consists of 15-20 gliadin bands. Some patterns are clearly related and might arise from one another through single mutations in the gliadin-coding loci. From the analysis of 15 grains of each, only 61 accessions were found to be uniform; others consisted of two or more grain variants differing in their gliadin spectrum. An analysis of F2 grains from three crosses between different accessions showed that groups (blocks) of components are jointly and codominantly inherited. Two independent major Gli loci were established. The close resemblance of the composition of some blocks of T. monococcum to some of those in polyploid wheats indicates that one locus in each T. monococcum genotype is located on chromosome 1A (Gli-A1) and the other on 6A (Gli-A2). However, the blocks of T. monococcum include more bands than corresponding (equivalent) blocks of polyploid wheats. Two out of 275 F2 grains of the cross k-14244 x k-20409 were found to have gliadin spectra which can be explained as a result of intralocus recombination. Also, a second gliadin-coding locus on chromosome 1A was found in the cross k-46140 x k-46753. This locus recombines with the main Gli-A1 locus with a frequency of about 22% and was clearly analogous to the additional Gli locus found earlier on chromosome 1A of certain polyploid wheats.

摘要

在二倍体小麦 Triticum monococcum 的 109 个品系中发现了 80 多种不同的醇溶蛋白电泳图谱（谱带）。每个图谱由 15-20 个醇溶蛋白带组成。一些图谱明显相关，可能是由于醇溶蛋白编码基因座中的单个突变而产生的。从每个品系的 15 粒分析，只有 61 个品系是均匀的；其他品系由两个或更多在醇溶蛋白谱上不同的粒变体组成。对来自三个不同品系杂交的 F2 粒的分析表明，成分组（块）是共同的，并且是共显性遗传的。建立了两个独立的主要 Gli 基因座。T. monococcum 一些块的组成与多倍体小麦的一些块非常相似，这表明每个 T. monococcum 基因型中的一个Gli 基因座位于 1A 染色体上（Gli-A1），另一个位于 6A 染色体上（Gli-A2）。然而，T. monococcum 的块比相应的多倍体小麦的块包含更多的带。在 k-14244 x k-20409 的杂交中，275 个 F2 粒中的两个被发现具有醇溶蛋白图谱，这可以解释为基因座内重组的结果。此外，在 k-46140 x k-46753 的杂交中还发现了 1A 染色体上的第二个醇溶蛋白编码基因座。该基因座与主要的 Gli-A1 基因座重组的频率约为 22%，与先前在某些多倍体小麦的 1A 染色体上发现的附加 Gli 基因座明显相似。