Youlatos Dionisios
Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 2004 Feb;123(2):181-94. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.10307.
This paper investigates the interrelations of some organismal and habitat parameters in two platyrrhine primate communities in French Guiana and Ecuadorian Amazonia. Fifteen habitat and organismal parameters and body weight were retained after a preliminary analysis, on the basis of frequent use and constraints reflected in anatomical specializations. The 16 parameters for 13 platyrrhine species were used for a series of principal components analyses (PCAs). All PCAs on separate or combined communities provided comparable results. The Atelinae, Ateles, Alouatta, and Lagothrix, were clustered together with Pithecia, associated with canopy, mature forest, frugivory, and (to a lesser degree) climb/suspensory locomotion. On the other hand, the three species of Cebus usually formed a loose cluster, located in the center of the cloud of species. Lastly, the Callitrichinae, involving two species of Saguinus and Cebuella, were relatively dispersed and frequently associated with liana forest, lianas, understory, and faunivory. However, Cebuella was consistently isolated and associated with liana forest, lianas, body weight, understory, and vertical supports. In this way, clusters appeared to conform to the major platyrrhine taxonomic groups, supporting the fact that basic ecological and behavioral adaptations have evolved in a phylogenetic context. In addition, the analyses revealed that body weight, forest type and layer, feeding behavior, and locomotion are the most important variables that have apparently shaped or driven the adaptive zones of extant platyrrhines.
本文研究了法属圭亚那和厄瓜多尔亚马逊地区两个阔鼻猴灵长类动物群落中一些机体和栖息地参数之间的相互关系。在初步分析之后，基于解剖学特化中频繁出现的特征和限制因素，保留了15个栖息地、机体参数以及体重。13种阔鼻猴物种的16个参数被用于一系列主成分分析（PCA）。对单独或合并的群落进行的所有主成分分析都得出了可比的结果。蛛猴亚科、蛛猴属、吼猴属和绒毛猴属与僧面猴属聚集在一起，与树冠层、成熟森林、食果习性以及（在较小程度上）攀爬/悬荡式运动相关。另一方面，三种卷尾猴通常形成一个松散的聚类，位于物种群的中心。最后，狨亚科，包括两种柽柳猴属和倭狨属，相对分散，且经常与藤本森林、藤本植物、林下植被以及食虫习性相关。然而，倭狨始终处于孤立状态，且与藤本森林、藤本植物、体重、林下植被以及垂直支撑物相关。通过这种方式，聚类似乎与主要的阔鼻猴分类群相符，支持了基本生态和行为适应是在系统发育背景下进化而来这一事实。此外，分析表明体重、森林类型和层次、取食行为以及运动是显然塑造或驱动了现存阔鼻猴适应区的最重要变量。
