Todem David, Harding Carinna
Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53726-2397, USA.
WMJ. 2003;102(8):37-41.
Has there been progress in the reduction of adolescent and young adult mortality in Wisconsin over the last 20 years? This paper addresses this question by examining the mortality trends--and disparities by race and gender--of adolescents and young adults in Wisconsin, ages 15-24.
Mortality data for blacks and whites from 1980-1999 for Wisconsin and the United States were accessed from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Web-based database system CDC WONDER. Mean death rates were calculated for the 5-year spans 1980-1984 and 1995-1999. A Poisson model for rates was used to summarize the death rates and perform predictions.
Wisconsin and the United States have reduced mortality in the age group 15-24 by about 17% and 16%, respectively, between 1980-1984 and 1995-1999. In spite of this overall progress, significant disparities still exist between white and black older adolescents and young adults. When compared to 1980-1984, Wisconsin mortality rates for 1995-1999 were 24% lower among whites, but 73% higher among blacks. Disparities still exist when rates are analyzed by the leading causes of deaths. Deaths due to motor vehicle injuries have decreased for whites by about 31% compared to an increase of 19% for blacks.
Wisconsin has made progress in reducing death rates in adolescents and young adults, especially in fatal motor vehicle injuries. However, significant disparities still exist between whites and blacks, males and females, and leading causes of deaths. Wisconsin should work to reduce the mortality rate in adolescents and young adults and to eliminate disparities by 2010.
在过去20年里，威斯康星州青少年及青年成人的死亡率是否有所下降？本文通过研究威斯康星州15至24岁青少年及青年成人的死亡率趋势以及种族和性别的差异来回答这个问题。
从疾病控制与预防中心基于网络的数据库系统“疾病预防控制中心信息查询系统（CDC WONDER）”获取了1980年至1999年威斯康星州和美国黑人和白人的死亡率数据。计算了1980 - 1984年和1995 - 1999年这两个5年时间段的平均死亡率。使用泊松率模型来总结死亡率并进行预测。
在1980 - 1984年至1995 - 1999年期间，威斯康星州和美国15至24岁年龄组的死亡率分别下降了约17%和16%。尽管有这一总体进展，但年长青少年及青年成人中的白人和黑人之间仍存在显著差异。与1980 - 1984年相比，1995 - 1999年威斯康星州白人的死亡率降低了24%，而黑人的死亡率则升高了73%。按主要死因分析死亡率时，差异仍然存在。白人因机动车伤害导致的死亡人数减少了约31%，而黑人则增加了19%。
威斯康星州在降低青少年及青年成人死亡率方面取得了进展，尤其是在致命的机动车伤害方面。然而，白人与黑人、男性与女性以及主要死因之间仍存在显著差异。威斯康星州应努力降低青少年及青年成人的死亡率，并在2010年前消除差异。
