Poppe Trygve T, Johansen Renate, Gunnes Gjermund, Tørud Brit
Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Institute of Morphology, Genetics and Aquatic Biology, PO Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2003 Dec 3;57(1-2):103-8. doi: 10.3354/dao057103.
The normal shape of the salmonid ventricle is a triangular pyramid with the apex pointing caudoventrally. A strong positive correlation has been established between this shape and optimum cardiac output and function. Domesticated salmonids appear to have developed a more rounded ventricle with misaligned bulbus arteriosus. Several reports from fish health veterinarians indicate that fish with abnormal heart morphology have a high mortality rate during stress-inducing situations like grading, transportation and bath treatments. The present paper compares and describes the ventricle morphology of wild vs. farmed Atlantic salmon, and wild steelhead (anadromous rainbow trout) vs. farmed rainbow trout. Several parameters were measured to provide numerical measurement of the differences in shape, i.e. height:width ratio and the angle between the longitudinal ventricular axis and the axis of the bulbus arteriosus. We conclude that the hearts of farmed fish are rounder than those in corresponding wild fish, and that the angle between the ventricular axis and the axis of the bulbus arteriosus is more acute in wild fish than in their farmed counterparts. Further studies are necessary to reveal the prevalence, functional significance and possible causes of these abnormal hearts.
鲑科鱼类心室的正常形状是一个三角锥，其顶点指向尾腹侧。这种形状与最佳心输出量和功能之间已建立了很强的正相关关系。养殖的鲑科鱼类似乎已发育出一个更圆润的心室，其动脉球排列不齐。鱼类健康兽医的几份报告表明，心脏形态异常的鱼在分级、运输和浸浴处理等应激情况下死亡率很高。本文比较并描述了野生大西洋鲑与养殖大西洋鲑，以及野生虹鳟（溯河洄游型虹鳟）与养殖虹鳟的心室形态。测量了几个参数以提供形状差异的数值测量，即高宽比以及心室纵轴与动脉球轴之间的夹角。我们得出结论，养殖鱼类的心脏比相应野生鱼类的心脏更圆润，并且野生鱼类心室轴与动脉球轴之间的夹角比养殖鱼类的更尖锐。有必要进行进一步研究以揭示这些异常心脏的发生率、功能意义和可能原因。
