Lehtolainen T, Shwimmer A, Shpigel N Y, Honkanen-Buzalski T, Pyörälä S
University of Helsinki, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FIN-04920 Saarentaus, Finland.
J Dairy Sci. 2003 Dec;86(12):3927-32. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)74001-6.
Minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) values of 100 Finnish and 100 Israeli Escherichia coli isolated from clinical bovine mastitis were determined for ampicillin, cephalexin, ceftazidime, dihydrostreptomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfadiazine, and ciprofloxacin by an agar dilution method. The in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of the E. coli isolates was high; only 27% showed resistance to one or more tested antimicrobial agents. Fifteen percent of the Israeli isolates and 14% of the Finnish isolates were resistant to tetracycline, 3 and 16% to cephalexin, 10 and 7% to ampicillin, 13 and 9% to dihydrostreptomycin, and 4 and 2% to trimethoprim-sulfadiazine. No gentamicin-, ceftazidime-, or ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates were detected. Eleven percent of all the isolates were resistant to two or more antimicrobial agents. Tetracycline was most often associated with multiresistant patterns. Most of the multiresistant isolates had very high MIC values, whereas most of those that were resistant to only one tested antibiotic had MIC values close to the susceptibility breakpoint. Antimicrobial resistance appeared to pose no problem in E. coli isolated from mastitic milk of both countries. This is probably due to the controlled use of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of dairy herds. Some differences were present in the resistance patterns, which may reflect the different use of antimicrobial agents in these two countries.
采用琼脂稀释法测定了从临床牛乳腺炎中分离出的100株芬兰大肠杆菌和100株以色列大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、头孢氨苄、头孢他啶、二氢链霉素、庆大霉素、四环素、甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺嘧啶和环丙沙星的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值。大肠杆菌分离株的体外抗菌敏感性较高；只有27%的分离株对一种或多种测试抗菌药物耐药。15%的以色列分离株和14%的芬兰分离株对四环素耐药，3%和16%对头孢氨苄耐药，10%和7%对氨苄西林耐药，13%和9%对二氢链霉素耐药，4%和2%对甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺嘧啶耐药。未检测到对庆大霉素、头孢他啶或环丙沙星耐药的分离株。所有分离株中有11%对两种或更多种抗菌药物耐药。四环素最常与多重耐药模式相关。大多数多重耐药分离株的MIC值非常高，而大多数仅对一种测试抗生素耐药的分离株的MIC值接近敏感断点。在这两个国家从患乳腺炎奶牛的乳汁中分离出的大肠杆菌中，抗菌耐药性似乎不是问题。这可能是由于在奶牛群治疗中抗菌药物的使用受到控制。耐药模式存在一些差异，这可能反映了这两个国家抗菌药物的不同使用情况。
