Mayer Richard E
Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9660, USA.
Annu Rev Psychol. 2004;55:715-44. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.55.082602.133124.
Psychology of subject matter refers to the scientific study of learning and instruction within school subjects. The growing research literature on teaching and learning of school subjects represents one of educational psychology's most productive accomplishments of the past two decades. The purpose of this chapter is to examine representative advances in the psychology of subject matter, including how people learn to read words, comprehend printed passages, write compositions, solve arithmetic word problems, and understand how scientific systems work. The introduction provides a historical overview of how to promote transfer and is followed by reviews of representative research in learning and teaching of reading fluency, reading comprehension, writing, mathematics, and science.
学科心理学是指对学校课程中学习与教学的科学研究。关于学校课程教与学的研究文献不断增加，这是教育心理学在过去二十年中最富有成效的成果之一。本章的目的是审视学科心理学方面的代表性进展，包括人们如何学习阅读单词、理解印刷段落、写作作文、解决算术应用题，以及理解科学系统如何运作。引言部分提供了关于如何促进迁移的历史概述，随后是对阅读流畅性、阅读理解、写作、数学和科学等方面学习与教学的代表性研究的综述。
