Tuda Midori, Morimoto Katsura
Institute of Biological Control, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Zoolog Sci. 2004 Jan;21(1):105-10. doi: 10.2108/0289-0003(2004)21[105:ANSMSC]2.0.CO;2.
A new species Megabruchidiussophorae (Insecta, Coleoptera) is described from Japan (Honshu). The larval host of this bruchid is the seeds of the tree legume 'enju', or chinese scholar tree, Styphnolobium japonicum (a senior synonym of Sophora japonica), which is a new host genus to Bruchidae. Styphnolobium is positioned basally in molecular phylogeny of the leguminous subfamily Papilionoideae. Other members of Megabruchidius are known to feed on Gleditsia, the tree legumes that belong to the most ancestral subfamily Caesalpinioideae. Therefore, Megabruchidius utilizes ancestral groups of legumes as its host plants. Megabruchidius has been inferred to be ancestral, based on its behavior. The character state of the host for this third Megabruchidius species supports that the genus is ancestral, at least in the subfamily Bruchinae. We also reviewed the genera closely related to Megabruchidius, i.e., Bruchidius and Sulcobruchus in Bruchidini, and wrote a key to the species in the genus Megabruchidius.
一种新物种——日本豆象（Megabruchidius sophorae）（昆虫纲，鞘翅目）在日本本州被发现并予以描述。这种豆象的幼虫寄主是豆科树木“槐树”（Styphnolobium japonicum，国槐的一个高级同物异名）的种子，槐树是豆象科的一个新寄主属。在豆科蝶形花亚科的分子系统发育中，槐树处于基部位置。已知日本豆象属的其他成员以皂荚属植物为食，皂荚属属于豆科最原始的亚科云实亚科。因此，日本豆象属利用豆科植物的原始类群作为其寄主植物。基于其行为，日本豆象属被推断为原始类群。第三种日本豆象属物种的寄主特征状态支持该属至少在豆象亚科中是原始类群这一观点。我们还对与日本豆象属密切相关的属进行了综述，即豆象族中的豆象属（Bruchidius）和沟胸豆象属（Sulcobruchus），并编写了日本豆象属物种检索表。
