Nesterenko V B, Nesterenko A V, Babenko V I, Yerkovich T V, Babenko I V
Belrad Institute of Radiation Safety, Charity House, 11 Staroborisovsky Trakt, 220114 Minsk, Republic of Belarus.
Swiss Med Wkly. 2004 Jan 10;134(1-2):24-7. doi: 10.4414/smw.2004.10223.
As a complement of standard radioprotective measures, apple-pectin preparations are given, especially in the Ukraine, to reduce the 137Cs uptake in the organism of children. The question has been raised: is oral pectin also useful when children receive radiologically clean food, or does this polysaccharide only act in binding 137Cs in the gut, blocking its intestinal absorption? In this case, pectin would be useless if radiologically clean food could be given. The study was a randomised, double blind placebo-controlled trial comparing the efficacy of a dry and milled apple-extract containing 15-16% pectin with a similar placebo-powder, in 64 children originating from the same group of contaminated villages of the Gomel oblast. The average 137Cs load was of about 30 Bq/kg bodyweight (BW). The trial was conducted during the simultaneous one-month stay in the sanatorium Silver Spring. In this clean radiological environment only radiologically "clean" food is given to the children. The average reduction of the 137Cs levels in children receiving oral pectin powder was 62.6%, the reduction with "clean" food and placebo was 13.9%, the difference being statistically significant (p <0.01). The reduction of the 137Cs load is medically relevant, as no child in the placebo group reached values below 20 Bq/kg BW (which is considered by Bandazhevsky as potentially associated with specific pathological tissue damages), with an average value of 25.8 +/- 0.8 Bq/kg. The highest value in the apple-pectin group was 15.4 Bq/kg, the average value being 11.3 +/- 0.6 Bq/kg BW.
作为标准辐射防护措施的补充，尤其在乌克兰，会使用苹果果胶制剂来减少儿童机体对铯 - 137的摄取。于是产生了这样一个问题：当儿童食用放射性清洁的食物时，口服果胶是否也有用，或者这种多糖仅仅是在肠道中结合铯 - 137，阻止其肠道吸收？在这种情况下，如果能提供放射性清洁的食物，果胶可能就没有用了。该研究是一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验，比较了一种含有15 - 16%果胶的干燥研磨苹果提取物与类似安慰剂粉末对来自戈梅利州同一组受污染村庄的64名儿童的疗效。铯 - 137的平均负荷约为30贝可勒尔/千克体重（BW）。试验在疗养院银泉同时进行了为期一个月的停留期间开展。在这个放射性清洁的环境中，只给孩子们提供放射性“清洁”的食物。接受口服果胶粉末的儿童体内铯 - 137水平平均降低了62.6%，食用“清洁”食物和安慰剂的儿童降低了13.9%，差异具有统计学意义（p <0.01）。铯 - 137负荷的降低具有医学相关性，因为安慰剂组没有一个儿童的数值降至20贝可勒尔/千克体重以下（班达热夫斯基认为这可能与特定的病理组织损伤有关），平均值为25.8±0.8贝可勒尔/千克。苹果果胶组的最高值为15.4贝可勒尔/千克，平均值为11.3±0.6贝可勒尔/千克体重。
