Davidson W R, Appel M J, Doster G L, Baker O E, Brown J F
School of Forest Resources and Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Parasitology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.
J Wildl Dis. 1992 Oct;28(4):581-9. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-28.4.581.
Fifty-six red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), 18 gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), and 13 coyotes (Canis latrans) obtained by the South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department during an investigation of suspected illegal wildlife translocation were examined for diseases and parasites. Red foxes and coyotes were confiscated from an animal dealer based in Ohio (USA), and gray foxes were purchased from an animal dealer in Indiana (USA). Emphasis was placed on detection of pathogens representing potential health risks to native wildlife, domestic animals, or humans. All animals were negative for rabies; however, 15 gray foxes were incubating canine distemper at necropsy. Serologic tests disclosed antibodies to canine parvovirus, canine distemper virus, canine adenovirus, canine coronavirus, canine herpesvirus, and canine parainfluenza virus in one or more host species. Twenty-three species of parasites (two protozoans, three trematodes, four cestodes, eleven nematodes, and three arthropods) were found, including species with substantial pathogenic capabilities. Echinococcus multilocularis, a recognized human pathogen not enzootic in the southeastern United States, was found in red foxes. Based on this information, we conclude that the increasingly common practice of wild canid translocation for stocking fox-chasing enclosures poses potential health risks to indigenous wildlife, domestic animals, and humans and, therefore, is biologically hazardous.
南卡罗来纳野生动物与海洋资源部在对一起涉嫌非法野生动物转移事件的调查中，对56只赤狐（赤狐属）、18只灰狐（灰狐属）和13只郊狼（犬属）进行了疾病和寄生虫检查。赤狐和郊狼是从美国俄亥俄州的一名动物经销商处没收的，灰狐是从美国印第安纳州的一名动物经销商处购买的。重点是检测那些对本地野生动物、家畜或人类有潜在健康风险的病原体。所有动物的狂犬病检测均为阴性；然而，15只灰狐在尸检时正处于犬瘟热潜伏期。血清学检测在一种或多种宿主物种中发现了针对犬细小病毒、犬瘟热病毒、犬腺病毒、犬冠状病毒、犬疱疹病毒和犬副流感病毒的抗体。共发现了23种寄生虫（两种原生动物、三种吸虫、四种绦虫、十一种线虫和三种节肢动物），其中包括具有显著致病能力的物种。在赤狐体内发现了多房棘球绦虫，这是一种在美国东南部并非地方流行的公认的人类病原体。基于这些信息，我们得出结论，为放养猎狐围场而进行的野生犬科动物转移这种日益普遍的做法，对本土野生动物、家畜和人类构成了潜在的健康风险，因此在生物学上具有危险性。
