Bamber Roger N, Seaby Richard M H
The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, SW7 5BD London, UK.
Mar Environ Res. 2004 May;57(4):281-94. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2003.08.002.
Experiments have been undertaken exposing larval common shrimp (Crangon crangon) and lobster (Homarus gammarus) and adult copepods (Acartia tonsa) to the key stresses of entrainment within power-station cooling-water systems. The apparatus has enabled the testing of mechanical, thermal, chlorine and realistic pressure effects both alone and in combination, the range of stressors spanning the standard conditions found within a temperate coastal direct-cooled power station. Mechanical stresses affected only lobster larvae, pressure changes affected only the Acartia adults. Residual chlorine caused significant mortality of Acartia and shrimp larvae, but had no effect on lobster larvae even at 1 ppm. The temperature increment significantly affected all three species, with a synergistic effect on chlorine sensitivity in the shrimp larvae, but only temperatures higher than would be experienced in a normally-operating power station affected the copepods. The majority of individuals of each species would survive passage through a power-station system under normal conditions. It is notable that, within the species tested, generalizations from the responses of one species to those of another are not valid.
已开展实验，将普通虾（褐虾）幼体、龙虾（螯龙虾）和成年桡足类动物（中华哲水蚤）置于发电站冷却水系统内夹带的关键压力环境中。该装置能够单独或组合测试机械、热、氯和实际压力影响，压力源范围涵盖温带沿海直接冷却发电站内的标准条件。机械应力仅影响龙虾幼体，压力变化仅影响中华哲水蚤成虫。残余氯导致中华哲水蚤和虾幼体大量死亡，但即使在1 ppm的浓度下，对龙虾幼体也没有影响。温度升高对所有三个物种都有显著影响，对虾幼体的氯敏感性有协同作用，但只有高于正常运行发电站所经历温度的温度才会影响桡足类动物。在正常条件下，每个物种的大多数个体在通过发电站系统时都能存活。值得注意的是，在所测试的物种中，从一个物种的反应推断另一个物种的反应是无效的。
