Soper David
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Jan;190(1):281-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2003.08.023.
Aside from human papillomavirus, trichomoniasis is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States today, yet it has long been regarded as a sexually transmitted infection of minor importance. Medical opinion has traditionally held that it plays little role in health complications in women, and it is rarely seen in men. However, evidence has recently accumulated implicating Trichomonas vaginalis as a contributor to a variety of adverse outcomes among both sexes. Among both women and men, the association of T vaginalis with human immunodeficiency acquisition and transmission has been shown in multiple studies. Among women, trichomoniasis may play a role in development of cervical neoplasia, postoperative infections, and adverse pregnancy outcomes and as a factor in atypical pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility. Among men, trichomoniasis has emerged as a cause of nongonoccocal urethritis and as contributing to male factor infertility. As evidence continues to accumulate, the time has come to increase diagnostic efforts beyond traditional sexually transmitted disease clinic settings.
除人乳头瘤病毒外，滴虫病是当今美国最常见的性传播感染疾病，但长期以来它一直被视为一种不太重要的性传播感染疾病。传统医学观点认为，它在女性健康并发症中作用不大，在男性中也很少见。然而，最近有证据表明，阴道毛滴虫会导致两性出现各种不良后果。多项研究表明，在男性和女性中，阴道毛滴虫都与人类免疫缺陷病毒的感染和传播有关。在女性中，滴虫病可能在宫颈肿瘤的发生、术后感染和不良妊娠结局中起作用，并且是非典型盆腔炎和不孕症的一个因素。在男性中，滴虫病已成为非淋菌性尿道炎的一个病因，并导致男性不育。随着证据不断积累，现在是时候在传统性传播疾病诊所环境之外加大诊断力度了。
