Domingo-Roura Xavier, Marmi Josep, Andrés Olga, Yamagiwa Juichi, Terradas Jaume
Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
Am J Primatol. 2004 Jan;62(1):31-42. doi: 10.1002/ajp.20001.
The noninvasive collection of animal cells is crucial for DNA analyses in wild populations that cannot be disturbed by capture. We describe the collection of 68 semen samples following copulation and masturbation events in wild habituated and nonhabituated troops of Japanese macaques on the protected island of Yakushima. We used this DNA to amplify 390 base pairs (bp) of the mitochondrial DNA control region in 16 individuals from eight troops, and found a monomorphic pattern in agreement with the low variability imposed by geographic isolation and female philopatry. We also amplified two microsatellite loci from samples collected after the resident males of a focal troop had copulated with different females. We found several different allele combinations in samples collected after the observed mating of a single male, indicating the presence of contaminant DNA, presumably from males that had previously mated with the same female. This discovery made it impossible to assign a given sample to a specific male except when the samples were recovered after masturbation events. Thus, it was not possible to test for kinship or estimate allele frequencies from the semen samples. The mixing of semen, and the pattern of sample collection observed in morphologically identified individuals support the notion that strong mating and sperm competition exists among resident and nonresident males.
对于无法通过捕获来干扰的野生种群进行DNA分析而言，动物细胞的非侵入性采集至关重要。我们描述了在屋久岛这个受保护岛屿上，对习惯和不习惯人类的野生日本猕猴群体在交配和自慰事件后采集的68份精液样本。我们使用这些DNA对来自八个群体的16个个体的线粒体DNA控制区的390个碱基对（bp）进行了扩增，发现了一种单态模式，这与地理隔离和雌性留居所导致的低变异性相符。我们还从一个焦点群体的常住雄性与不同雌性交配后采集的样本中扩增了两个微卫星位点。我们在观察到单个雄性交配后采集的样本中发现了几种不同的等位基因组合，这表明存在污染DNA，推测来自之前与同一雌性交配过的雄性。这一发现使得除了在自慰事件后采集的样本外，无法将给定样本归属于特定雄性。因此，无法从精液样本中测试亲缘关系或估计等位基因频率。精液的混合以及在形态学上鉴定出的个体中观察到的样本采集模式支持了常住和非常住雄性之间存在强烈交配和精子竞争的观点。
