Daston George, Faustman Elaine, Ginsberg Gary, Fenner-Crisp Penny, Olin Stephen, Sonawane Babasaheb, Bruckner James, Breslin William, McLaughlin Tara J
The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Feb;112(2):238-56. doi: 10.1289/ehp.6182.
In recent years there has been an increasing focus in environmental risk assessment on children as a potentially susceptible population. There also has been growing recognition of the need for a systematic approach for organizing, evaluating, and incorporating the available data on children's susceptibilities in risk assessments. In this article we present a conceptual framework for assessing risks to children from environmental exposures. The proposed framework builds on the problem formulation-->analysis-->risk characterization paradigm, identifying at each phase the questions and issues of particular importance for characterizing risks to the developing organism (from conception through organ maturation). The framework is presented and discussed from the complementary perspectives of toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics.
近年来，环境风险评估日益关注儿童这一潜在易感人群。人们也越来越认识到，需要一种系统的方法来组织、评估和纳入风险评估中有关儿童易感性的现有数据。在本文中，我们提出了一个评估环境暴露对儿童风险的概念框架。该框架基于问题形成→分析→风险表征范式，在每个阶段确定对于表征发育中生物体（从受孕到器官成熟）的风险特别重要的问题。我们从毒代动力学和毒效动力学的互补角度介绍并讨论了该框架。
