Ono Haruhisa, Kojima Kazushige, Higashi Yutaka, Yoshioka Shin-ichi, Kawahara Ryuzo
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University.
Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi. 2003;105(11):1363-86.
Externalization has been one of the effective methods in the fields of brief therapy, family therapy, and psycho-education in recent years. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of intervention with externalization at the first stage of therapy in 25 patients with eating disorders. The subjects consisted of 11 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and 14 with bulimia nervosa (BN). The Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) was evaluated at the first session, the 10th session, and six months later. The obtained results showed intervention with externalization resulted in significant decreases in not only total EDI score but also all the EDI subscale scores. We also found that there were great differences between the EDI subscale scores of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa patients. Therapy was significantly less effective for patients with anorexia nervosa than for those with bulimia nervosa, and much less effective for the restricting type of anorexia nervosa. In addition, all the EDI subscale scores were significantly decreased, irrespective of the complication of personality disorder. The efficacy of intervention with externalization continued for six months. Especially in patients with anorexia nervosa, there were significant decreases in the EDI subscale scores when compared with the scores in the 10th session. The present findings indicates that initial intervention with externalization is effective for treating eating disorders, regardless of the severity of illness.
外化疗法近年来一直是短程治疗、家庭治疗和心理教育领域的有效方法之一。在本研究中，我们调查了外化疗法对25名饮食失调患者在治疗第一阶段的干预效果。研究对象包括11名神经性厌食症（AN）患者和14名神经性贪食症（BN）患者。在第一次治疗、第十次治疗以及六个月后对饮食失调量表（EDI）进行评估。结果显示，外化疗法不仅使EDI总分显著降低，而且所有EDI分量表得分也显著降低。我们还发现，神经性厌食症患者和神经性贪食症患者的EDI分量表得分存在很大差异。对于神经性厌食症患者，治疗效果明显不如神经性贪食症患者，对于限制型神经性厌食症患者效果更差。此外，无论是否合并人格障碍，所有EDI分量表得分均显著降低。外化疗法的干预效果持续了六个月。特别是对于神经性厌食症患者，与第十次治疗时的得分相比，EDI分量表得分显著降低。目前的研究结果表明，无论疾病严重程度如何，初始的外化疗法干预对治疗饮食失调有效。
