Dixon John A, Mahoney Berenice
Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, United Kingdom.
J Soc Psychol. 2004 Feb;144(1):63-73. doi: 10.3200/SOCP.144.1.63-73.
The authors investigated the effect of accent evaluation, evidence, and crime type on participants' perceptions of guilt and criminality. British student raters (n = 199) listened to a tape-recorded exchange between a male criminal suspect and a male policeman. The authors manipulated this exchange to produce a 2 (accent type: English regional or standard) x 2 (evidence type: strong or weak) x 2 (crime type: blue collar or white collar) factorial design. Dependent measures consisted of participants' ratings of the suspect's guilt and criminality. Contrary to previous research, accent did not significantly influence attributions of guilt either as a main effect or in interaction with the contextual variables. However, independent of evidence presented and crime type, the regional-accented suspect was evaluated as more typically criminal and more likely to be reaccused of a crime than the standard-accented suspect.
作者研究了口音评价、证据和犯罪类型对参与者有罪感和犯罪性认知的影响。英国学生评分者（n = 199）收听了一段男性犯罪嫌疑人与男性警察之间的录音对话。作者对这段对话进行了处理，以产生一个2（口音类型：英国地方口音或标准口音）×2（证据类型：强或弱）×2（犯罪类型：蓝领犯罪或白领犯罪）的析因设计。因变量包括参与者对嫌疑人有罪感和犯罪性的评分。与之前的研究相反，口音无论是作为主效应还是与情境变量的交互作用，都没有显著影响有罪归因。然而，与所呈现的证据和犯罪类型无关，带有地方口音的嫌疑人比带有标准口音的嫌疑人被评价为更具典型犯罪性，且更有可能再次被指控犯罪。
