Coulson T, Kruuk L E B, Tavecchia G, Pemberton J M, Clutton-Brock T H
Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom.
Evolution. 2003 Dec;57(12):2879-92. doi: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb01528.x.
Van Tienderen recently published a method that links selection gradients between a phenotypic trait and multiple fitness components with the effects of these fitness components on the population growth rate (mean absolute fitness). The method allows selection to be simultaneously estimated across multiple fitness components in a population dynamic framework. In this paper we apply the method to a population of red deer living in the North Block of the Isle of Rum, Scotland. We show that (1) selection on birth date and birth weight can operate through multiple fitness components simultaneously; (2) our estimates of the response to selection are consistent with the observed change in trait values that we cannot explain with environmental and phenotypic covariates; (3) selection on both traits has fluctuated over the course of the study; (4) selection operates through different fitness components in different years; and (5) no environmental covariates correlate with selection because different fitness components respond to density and climatic variation in contrasting ways.
范·廷德伦最近发表了一种方法，该方法将表型性状与多个适合度成分之间的选择梯度与这些适合度成分对种群增长率（平均绝对适合度）的影响联系起来。该方法允许在种群动态框架中同时估计多个适合度成分的选择情况。在本文中，我们将该方法应用于生活在苏格兰拉姆岛北区块的一群马鹿。我们发现：（1）对出生日期和出生体重的选择可以同时通过多个适合度成分起作用；（2）我们对选择响应的估计与我们无法用环境和表型协变量解释的性状值的观察变化一致；（3）在研究过程中，对这两个性状的选择都有波动；（4）在不同年份，选择通过不同的适合度成分起作用；（5）没有环境协变量与选择相关，因为不同的适合度成分以相反的方式对密度和气候变化做出反应。
