Greenberg Jean T, Yao Nan
The University of Chicago, 1103 East 57th Street, EBC410, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Cell Microbiol. 2004 Mar;6(3):201-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2004.00361.x.
It is commonly known that animal pathogens often target and suppress programmed cell death (pcd) pathway components to manipulate their hosts. In contrast, plant pathogens often trigger pcd. In cases in which plant pcd accompanies disease resistance, an event called the hypersensitive response, the plant surveillance system has learned to detect pathogen-secreted molecules in order to mount a defence response. In plants without genetic disease resistance, these secreted molecules serve as virulence factors that act through largely unknown mechanisms. Recent studies suggest that plant bacterial pathogens also secrete antiapoptotic proteins to promote their virulence. In contrast, a number of fungal pathogens secrete pcd-promoting molecules that are critical virulence factors. Here, we review recent progress in determining the role and regulation of plant pcd responses that accompany both resistance and susceptible interactions. We also review progress in discerning the mechanisms by which plant pcd occurs during these different interactions.
众所周知，动物病原体常常靶向并抑制程序性细胞死亡（PCD）途径的组分来操控其宿主。相反，植物病原体常常触发PCD。在植物PCD伴随抗病性的情况下，即所谓的过敏反应，植物监测系统已学会检测病原体分泌的分子以发起防御反应。在没有遗传抗病性的植物中，这些分泌的分子作为毒力因子，其作用机制大多未知。最近的研究表明，植物细菌病原体也分泌抗凋亡蛋白以促进其毒力。相反，许多真菌病原体分泌促进PCD的分子，这些分子是关键的毒力因子。在这里，我们综述了在确定伴随抗性和感病性相互作用的植物PCD反应的作用和调控方面的最新进展。我们还综述了在识别植物PCD在这些不同相互作用过程中发生的机制方面的进展。
