Leinonen Raija, Heikkinen Eino, Jylhä Marja
The Finnish Centre for Interdisciplinary Gerontology, University of Jyväskylä, Finland, PO Box 35 (L), FIN-40351 Jyväskylä, Finland.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2002 Jul-Aug;35(1):79-92. doi: 10.1016/s0167-4943(02)00017-1.
The purpose was to examine changes in self-rated health (SRH) in older people and associations between these changes and various self-reported and objectively measured indicators of health status, functional performance and activity at three time-points 5 years apart. Further, our aim was to examine whether SRH takes the form of a continuum. The study group comprised all the baseline 75-year-old inhabitants of the City of Jyväskylä, Finland (N=382). Four groups were formed according to change/stability in SRH: 'good-good', 'good-bad', 'bad-good' and 'bad-bad'. Cross-tabulation and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine the cross-sectional differences, and GLM Repeated Measures to analyze the differences in changes in the determinants of SRH over time. Stability was more common than change in SRH, although in most participants there was a decline in most of the determinants of SRH. A systematic relation was found between the SRH groups and the indicators of health status, functional performance and physical and social activity, especially over the first 5-year period. A substantial decrease in these indicators was associated with a decline in SRH. Among older people change and stability in SRH over time systematically reflect health status, functional performance, and physical and social activity. The relatively high stability found in SRH indicates that with increasing age older people adapt to their worsening health conditions. SRH seems to form a continuum when a wide range of self-reported and objectively measured indicators on physical, psychological and social components of health are taken into account.
目的是研究老年人自评健康（SRH）的变化，以及这些变化与三个时间点（间隔5年）各种自我报告和客观测量的健康状况、功能表现及活动指标之间的关联。此外，我们的目的是研究SRH是否呈现连续体的形式。研究组包括芬兰于韦斯屈莱市所有75岁的基线居民（N = 382）。根据SRH的变化/稳定性分为四组：“好-好”、“好-差”、“差-好”和“差-差”。采用交叉表和单因素方差分析（ANOVA）来检验横断面差异，并用广义线性模型重复测量法分析SRH决定因素随时间变化的差异。尽管大多数参与者的SRH多数决定因素有所下降，但SRH的稳定性比变化更为常见。在SRH组与健康状况、功能表现以及身体和社会活动指标之间发现了一种系统关系，尤其是在第一个5年期间。这些指标的大幅下降与SRH的下降相关。在老年人中，SRH随时间的变化和稳定性系统地反映了健康状况、功能表现以及身体和社会活动。SRH中发现的相对较高的稳定性表明，随着年龄增长，老年人会适应其日益恶化的健康状况。当考虑到关于健康的身体、心理和社会组成部分的广泛自我报告和客观测量指标时，SRH似乎形成一个连续体。
