Gudaviciene Daiva, Rimdeika Rytis, Adamonis Kestutis
Clinic of Surgery, Kaunas University of Medicine Hospital, Eiveniu 2, 3007 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2004;40(1):1-8.
Burns form 5-12% of all traumas. About 2,200 of patients are annually hospitalized in Lithuania. In most cases people of the employable age get burned. The treatment is often long-lasting, and afterwards recovered patients often have invalidity from burn sequels. The mortality of hospitalized burned patients is about 10%. The most common causes of death are pulmonary edema, pneumonia, sepsis and multiorgan failure. All these complications are related with insufficient nutrition. These complications are extremely frequent and dangerous for patients with more than 20% of body burned. The nutritional support of burned patient gives a possibility to increase the survival probability, to decrease complication rate and hospitalization time. Currently in Lithuania there are no standards for burned patient nutrition. More attention is given to strategy of surgical strategy and techniques, as well as antibiotic therapy. This article is the review of the different aspects of artificial nutrition of burned patient: indications, modes of nutrition, mixtures and terms of nutritional support.
烧伤占所有创伤的5%-12%。立陶宛每年约有2200名患者住院治疗。在大多数情况下，处于就业年龄的人会被烧伤。治疗通常持续时间较长，康复后的患者常因烧伤后遗症而致残。住院烧伤患者的死亡率约为10%。最常见的死亡原因是肺水肿、肺炎、败血症和多器官功能衰竭。所有这些并发症都与营养不足有关。这些并发症在烧伤面积超过20%的患者中极为常见且危险。对烧伤患者的营养支持有可能提高生存概率、降低并发症发生率和缩短住院时间。目前在立陶宛没有烧伤患者营养的标准。更多的注意力放在了手术策略和技术以及抗生素治疗上。本文是对烧伤患者人工营养不同方面的综述：适应证、营养方式、混合制剂和营养支持期限。
