von Hofsten C, Rosengren K, Pick H L, Neely G
Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Sweden.
J Mot Behav. 1992 Dec;24(4):329-38. doi: 10.1080/00222895.1992.9941629.
The role of binocular vision in a ball-catching task involving spatial uncertainty was examined in three experiments. In all three experiments, subjects' catching performance was evaluated during monocular and binocular viewing, in normal room lighting and in complete darkness with a luminescent ball. Subjects' performance was found to be significantly better with binocular than with monocular vision, especially under normal lighting conditions. In the second and third experiments, catching performance was evaluated in the presence of minimal visual frames, consisting of a series of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In Experiment 2, the visual frame consisted of a single plane of LEDs, whereas in Experiment 3, the visual frame consisted of two planes of LEDs. Catching performance was found to be significantly better with the visual frame than in complete darkness, but this was true only for binocular viewing. This result supports the hypothesis that binocular convergence is used to scale perceived space and that this information enables subjects to contact the ball successfully. It was further found that postural sway varied between lighting conditions and that less sway was accompanied by higher performance. There was no effect of binocular viewing in this respect. In general, the results suggest two additive effects of viewing conditions: a direct effect of binocular vision on ball catching and an indirect effect of lighting on postural stability, which, in turn, affects catching performance.
在三个实验中，研究了双眼视觉在涉及空间不确定性的接球任务中的作用。在所有这三个实验中，在正常室内照明条件下以及在使用发光球的完全黑暗环境中，对受试者单眼和双眼观察时的接球表现进行了评估。结果发现，与单眼视觉相比，双眼视觉下受试者的表现明显更好，尤其是在正常照明条件下。在第二个和第三个实验中，在存在由一系列发光二极管（LED）组成的最小视觉框架的情况下评估接球表现。在实验2中，视觉框架由单个LED平面组成，而在实验3中，视觉框架由两个LED平面组成。结果发现，有视觉框架时的接球表现明显优于完全黑暗环境中的表现，但这仅适用于双眼观察。这一结果支持了以下假设：双眼汇聚用于缩放感知空间，并且该信息使受试者能够成功接住球。进一步发现，姿势摇摆在不同照明条件下有所不同，摇摆越少，表现越高。在这方面，双眼观察没有影响。总体而言，结果表明观察条件有两种累加效应：双眼视觉对接球的直接影响以及照明对姿势稳定性的间接影响，而姿势稳定性又会影响接球表现。
