Savelsbergh G J, Whiting H T
Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Mot Behav. 1992 Dec;24(4):320-8. doi: 10.1080/00222895.1992.9941628.
The effects of binocular and monocular viewing on spatial and temporal errors in one-handed catching were investigated in two experiments. The first experiment-using expert catchers-recorded more spatial errors under the monocular than under the binocular condition. No significant differences in the number of temporal errors were apparent. In a second experiment, which paradigm, relatively poor catchers were trained under both vision conditions. Its objective was to investigate whether the superior results obtained under the binocular condition in the first experiment, for the number of catches and number of spatial errors, could be attributed simply to the fact that subjects had more experience with binocular than monocular viewing. The following results occurred after a period of training (a) a significant reduction in the number of spatial errors under the monocular condition, reaching a level similar to that under the binocular condition; (b) no significant reduction in the number of spatial errors when subjects transferred from monocular to binocular viewing, and significantly more spatial errors when subjects transferred from binocular to monocular viewing; and (c) a training-sequence effect. The latter effect indicates that subjects had more benefit from training in the sequence monocular-binocular than vice versa. These findings are discussed in the context of the strategies of specificity of learning and use of multisources.
在两项实验中，研究了双眼和单眼观察对单手接球时空间和时间误差的影响。第一个实验——使用专业接球者——记录到单眼条件下的空间误差比双眼条件下更多。时间误差数量上没有明显差异。在第二个实验中，采用相对较差的接球者在两种视觉条件下进行训练的范式。其目的是研究在第一个实验中双眼条件下在接球次数和空间误差数量方面获得的较好结果，是否仅仅归因于受试者双眼观察的经验比单眼观察更多这一事实。经过一段时间的训练后出现了以下结果：（a）单眼条件下空间误差数量显著减少，达到与双眼条件下相似的水平；（b）当受试者从单眼观察转换为双眼观察时，空间误差数量没有显著减少，而当受试者从双眼观察转换为单眼观察时，空间误差显著更多；以及（c）一种训练顺序效应。后一种效应表明，受试者按单眼 - 双眼的顺序训练比相反顺序受益更多。这些发现将在学习特异性策略和多源使用的背景下进行讨论。
